Nature Medicine, Published online: 16 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04625-x
In a prospective study involving 1,785 individuals from four countries, the PANXEON exosome-based biomarker, combined with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels, achieves high sensitivity for the detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 16 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04662-6
Sex-specific biological aging clocks across multiple organs and molecular systems show that female and male aging patterns can differ in organ-specific, disease-relevant ways.
Cell Death Discovery, Published online: 16 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41420-026-03345-y
rhNGF shows neuroprotective efficacy by counteracting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in a glaucoma mouse model
Nature Medicine, Published online: 15 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04644-8
In the phase 2 RIO trial, there was delayed viral rebound and resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies 3BNC117-LS and 10-1074-LS in adult males living with HIV undergoing analytical treatment interruption, and initial reservoir sensitivity to autologous antibodies was associated with a longer time to rebound.
Nature, Published online: 14 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-11124-z
Encoded and non-genetic protein variants expand human functional proteome
npj Digital Medicine, Published online: 14 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41746-026-03225-w
Data-driven identification of repurposable drugs for ALS
Nature Cancer, Published online: 14 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s43018-026-01237-9
Marsoni et al. evaluated the feasibility of a dynamic circulating tumor DNA-guided adjuvant and postadjuvant treatment strategy in patients with resected microsatellite-stable, high-risk stage II or III colon cancer in the phase 2 PEGASUS trial.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 14 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04622-0
In this Comment, we argue for a global health system that recognizes and supports countries as the primary agents of action, oriented around global public goods and collective action, and served by a leaner set of global and regional institutions. We present a potential vision for the functions and distribution of labor in the system to inform ongoing reform discussions and draw critique, dissent and amendment.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 14 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04639-5
Trust in clinical artificial intelligence (AI) cannot be benchmarked into existence. It must be earned through rigorous prospective studies in real-world clinical settings, where the hardest lessons often concern the humans and systems around the AI, not the technology itself.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 13 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04488-2
In a large international real-world study of non-small cell lung cancer, a multimodal explainable AI model outperformed established biomarkers for immunotherapy outcome prediction and improved physician decision-making.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 11 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04642-w
In the randomized phase 2 ImmunoPRISM trial, patients with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma (MM) showed higher rates of complete clinical responses in response to treatment with teclistamab compared with lenalidomide–dexamethasone, although longer follow-up is required to determine durable prevention of progression to MM.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 10 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04695-x
A suite of large pre-trained language models accurately extracts computable clinical data from unstructured electronic health records and integrates the findings into knowledge graphs that can facilitate understanding patient trajectories and treatment responses in the real world.
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