This letter examines the interpretation and clinical translation of a meta-analysis of radiomics-based artificial intelligence (AI) for predicting pathological response after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in resectable non–small cell lung cancer. We highlight that the conventional-response comparator combines PERCIST and RECIST 1.1 assessments from the same 36-patient cohort, whereas the AI estimates arise from unmatched cohorts; consequently, the reported denominator and Z tests do not establish comparative superiority. We further consider how restriction to patients who reached resection and variation in imaging timepoints narrow the clinical estimand and limit inference about earlier treatment redirection. Clarification of the RECIST and error-direction examples is also warranted. We propose same-patient comparisons in treatment-initiation cohorts using fixed imaging times, locked thresholds, explicit primary-tumor and nodal labels, and calibration and net-benefit analyses at prespecified clinical thresholds.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 16 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04625-x

In a prospective study involving 1,785 individuals from four countries, the PANXEON exosome-based biomarker, combined with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels, achieves high sensitivity for the detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer.

Tissue patterning events of early human embryo development, including an embryo-disc with primitive streak-like structures, are captured using an in vitro model where embryonic stem cells are cultured with extra-embryonic cell types.

Nature, Published online: 20 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10659-5

Author Correction: Inactivating SnRK1β1A promotes broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice

Nature, Published online: 20 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10572-x

A fungal long non-coding RNA from Magnaporthe oryzae translocates into rice cells to sequester a host microRNA that normally represses PKR1, a negative immunity regulator, thereby facilitating infection and revealing a widespread RNA-based pathogen–host interaction mechanism.

npj Digital Medicine, Published online: 04 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02573-x

HoloTrauma 3X Triadic AI Co reasoning for robot assisted emergency maxillofacial reconstruction

Nature, Published online: 25 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10273-5

SnRK1β1A in rice promotes susceptibility to multiple fungal diseases, and disrupting this infection-inducible gene confers broad-spectrum resistance without compromising growth or yield under normal field conditions.