Tahoe-100M is an atlas of 100 million single-cell transcriptomes, capturing how 50 cancer cell lines respond to ∼1,100 drug-dose treatments. By pairing single-cell and molecular phenotypes at scale, the resource links drug mechanisms to cellular responses and provides an openly available substrate for training predictive models of cell behavior.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 17 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04646-6Results of this study show in experimental models and data from patient cohorts that the antiseizure medication levetiracetam is associated with longer survival and reduced tumor growth in diffuse midline glioma, but not hemispheric high-grade glioma, by selectively dampening GABAergic synaptic signaling, independently of its canonical SV2A-mediated primary antiseizure mechanism.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 16 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04625-xIn a prospective study involving 1,785 individuals from four countries, the PANXEON exosome-based biomarker, combined with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels, achieves high sensitivity for the detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 15 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04610-4Two early clinical studies of selective KRASG12D inhibitors show encouraging activity in advanced cancers with G12D mutations, signaling a transformative change in the treatment landscape for RAS-driven cancers with potential applications across tumor types and stages of disease.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 15 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04644-8In the phase 2 RIO trial, there was delayed viral rebound and resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies 3BNC117-LS and 10-1074-LS in adult males living with HIV undergoing analytical treatment interruption, and initial reservoir sensitivity to autologous antibodies was associated with a longer time to rebound.

Recombining domains across an entire protein family, rather than relying on natural sequences shaped by evolution, generates synthetic “DESynR” transcription factors with enhanced function. DESynR AP-1 TFs reprogram CAR T cells into non-natural, therapeutically optimized states and outperform natural AP-1 factors in antitumor immunity.

Spatial multi-omics reveals macrophage states that constrain adaptive immunity in immunosuppressed non-melanoma skin cancer.

Arginine availability regulates arginyl tRNA levels and codon-dependent translation of MHC class I, tuning antigen presentation and shaping anti-viral and anti-tumor immunity.

Liu et al. develop Oncoformer, a multimodal transformer that reads routine laboratory tests and chest X-rays already collected in everyday care. Across more than 3.6 million individuals, it detects cancer, infers tumor stage, and stratifies treatment response and recurrence risk, pointing toward risk-adapted cancer care built on data already in hand.

Two genetically distinct neuronal subtypes in the intrinsic cardiac nervous system are differentially required for baseline cardiac function and stress resilience to maintain cardiac stability and survival.