Multiomics profiling of healthy individuals reveals differences across molecular layers and key pathways related to immune, metabolic, and microbiome-linked processes across ethnicities, while geographic relocation reshapes these networks and influences aging trajectories.

An optogenetic model of accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation reveals cell type-specific plasticity mechanisms and a key role for a fronto-insular circuit in driving the antidepressant effects of this treatment in humans.

(Cell 188, 4567–4585.e1–e12; August 21, 2025)

Human-specific transcriptomic and regulatory features are present in the cerebellum, with ZP2 playing a key role in synapse regulation. ZP2 expression is induced by pontine mossy fibers, leading to decreased synaptic proteins and neuronal activity, which provides insights into the evolutionary development of the human cerebellum.