Normal view
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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GLARE: Generative Learning via Adversarial Reward Estimation For Social Dynamics Forecasting
arXiv:2609.12165v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Meeting continuation requires tracking the agenda, speaker roles, participant intentions, and disagreement across long multi-party discussions. We introduce the Meeting Dynamic Forecasting Benchmark (MDFB), constructed from 2,207 real-world meetings and 24,794 future-facing queries. Given a transcript prefix and an active question, a model generates a plausible multi-turn continuation in one call. We evaluate utility---progress toward the question
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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LifeFuse-Mem: Lifecycle-Aware State Fusion Against Temporary Overwriting for Long-Term Memory
arXiv:2609.12436v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-running LLM agents require memory mechanisms that maintain coherent internal states across interactions. We study a lifecycle-labeled memory setting in which write episodes provide lifecycle metadata during training, and phase-aware readout is used during evaluation. This setting reflects the need to distinguish information that should remain influential across future interactions from information that should affect only the current context.
LifeFuse-Mem: Lifecycle-Aware State Fusion Against Temporary Overwriting for Long-Term Memory
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Beyond Generation and Accuracy: Diagnosing and Enhancing Visual Chain-of-Thought for Geometry Problem Solving
arXiv:2609.12606v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While multimodal reasoning has advanced rapidly, solving complex geometry problems critically hinges on active visual assistance, such as constructing auxiliary lines, spurring the rise of Visual Chain-of-Thought (VCoT). However, existing evaluations typically assess visual generation quality and final answer accuracy in isolation, failing to examine whether intermediate visual aids are geometrically valid, effectively utilized in subsequent reaso
Beyond Generation and Accuracy: Diagnosing and Enhancing Visual Chain-of-Thought for Geometry Problem Solving
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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MedCollab: IBIS-Guided Multi-Agent Collaboration with Hierarchical Disease Relation Chains for Clinical Diagnosis
arXiv:2603.01131v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Clinical diagnosis is a gradual process of evidence integration, in which physicians move from symptoms and medical history to examinations, competing hypotheses, disease relations, and treatment decisions. Large language models have advanced medical text understanding and generation. Yet their clinical use remains limited by weak evidence grounding, opaque reasoning, and inconsistent links among differential diagnosis, final diagnosis,
MedCollab: IBIS-Guided Multi-Agent Collaboration with Hierarchical Disease Relation Chains for Clinical Diagnosis
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Omics In Lung
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Narrative review of the staging classification controversy in stage N3 small cell lung cancer: from the perspective of overlapping Veterans Administration Lung Study Group and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer definitions
J Thorac Dis. 2026 Aug 31;18(8):950. doi: 10.21037/jtd-2026-1704. Epub 2026 Aug 28.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, two primary systems have been employed for staging small cell lung cancer (SCLC): the Veterans Administration Lung Study Group (VALG) system and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) system. The term "limited disease" is defined differently: VALG characterizes it as disease encompassed within a single tolera
Narrative review of the staging classification controversy in stage N3 small cell lung cancer: from the perspective of overlapping Veterans Administration Lung Study Group and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer definitions
J Thorac Dis. 2026 Aug 31;18(8):950. doi: 10.21037/jtd-2026-1704. Epub 2026 Aug 28.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, two primary systems have been employed for staging small cell lung cancer (SCLC): the Veterans Administration Lung Study Group (VALG) system and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) system. The term "limited disease" is defined differently: VALG characterizes it as disease encompassed within a single tolerable radiation field, while IASLC defines it as the lack of distant metastases (M0). Patients with N3 disease frequently satisfy VALG extensive-stage (ES) criteria while meeting IASLC limited-stage (LS) criteria, resulting in a notable staging discrepancy. Therefore, this review aims to clarify the clinical challenges posed by this staging overlap and provide insights for standardizing staging terminology and optimizing therapeutic decision-making in N3 SCLC.
METHODS: A narrative review utilizing a systematized search strategy was conducted. While strict adherence to PRISMA guidelines was not pursued because the extensive heterogeneity of the literature precluded a formal meta-analysis, rigorous search criteria were applied to minimize selection bias. Databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for literature from January 2000 to March 2026. Studies examining stage N3 SCLC, spatial metastatic burden, and definitional inconsistencies between the VALG and IASLC staging systems were analyzed to assess their effects on treatment dosimetry, systemic therapy, and survival outcomes.
KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: The staging overlap in N3 SCLC leads to heterogeneous clinical management depending on its spatial metastatic burden, and this highly variable cohort can be stratified into distinct prognostic subgroups based on the anatomical distribution (single-region vs. multi-region) of the involved lymph nodes.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings should guide clinical trial design and terminology. Clinical decision-making must transcend historical paradigms and technical constraints. Future strategies must incorporate spatial evaluations of metastatic burden alongside innovative multimodal tools, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and multi-omics, to facilitate tailored therapy for SCLC.
PMID:42724560 | PMC:PMC13559235 | DOI:10.21037/jtd-2026-1704
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(Multiomics OR Omics) AND (Lung OR gastric OR Hepatocellular)
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Narrative review of the staging classification controversy in stage N3 small cell lung cancer: from the perspective of overlapping Veterans Administration Lung Study Group and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer definitions
J Thorac Dis. 2026 Aug 31;18(8):950. doi: 10.21037/jtd-2026-1704. Epub 2026 Aug 28.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, two primary systems have been employed for staging small cell lung cancer (SCLC): the Veterans Administration Lung Study Group (VALG) system and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) system. The term "limited disease" is defined differently: VALG characterizes it as disease encompassed within a single tolera
Narrative review of the staging classification controversy in stage N3 small cell lung cancer: from the perspective of overlapping Veterans Administration Lung Study Group and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer definitions
J Thorac Dis. 2026 Aug 31;18(8):950. doi: 10.21037/jtd-2026-1704. Epub 2026 Aug 28.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, two primary systems have been employed for staging small cell lung cancer (SCLC): the Veterans Administration Lung Study Group (VALG) system and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) system. The term "limited disease" is defined differently: VALG characterizes it as disease encompassed within a single tolerable radiation field, while IASLC defines it as the lack of distant metastases (M0). Patients with N3 disease frequently satisfy VALG extensive-stage (ES) criteria while meeting IASLC limited-stage (LS) criteria, resulting in a notable staging discrepancy. Therefore, this review aims to clarify the clinical challenges posed by this staging overlap and provide insights for standardizing staging terminology and optimizing therapeutic decision-making in N3 SCLC.
METHODS: A narrative review utilizing a systematized search strategy was conducted. While strict adherence to PRISMA guidelines was not pursued because the extensive heterogeneity of the literature precluded a formal meta-analysis, rigorous search criteria were applied to minimize selection bias. Databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for literature from January 2000 to March 2026. Studies examining stage N3 SCLC, spatial metastatic burden, and definitional inconsistencies between the VALG and IASLC staging systems were analyzed to assess their effects on treatment dosimetry, systemic therapy, and survival outcomes.
KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: The staging overlap in N3 SCLC leads to heterogeneous clinical management depending on its spatial metastatic burden, and this highly variable cohort can be stratified into distinct prognostic subgroups based on the anatomical distribution (single-region vs. multi-region) of the involved lymph nodes.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings should guide clinical trial design and terminology. Clinical decision-making must transcend historical paradigms and technical constraints. Future strategies must incorporate spatial evaluations of metastatic burden alongside innovative multimodal tools, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and multi-omics, to facilitate tailored therapy for SCLC.
PMID:42724560 | PMC:PMC13559235 | DOI:10.21037/jtd-2026-1704
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Nature Medicine
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A clinically-oriented foundation model for intraoperative pathology
Nature Medicine, Published online: 10 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04703-0CRISP, a vision-based pathology foundation model developed exclusively from frozen section slides, supports treatment decision-making throughout the surgical workflow with superior performance to current foundation models and extensive validation, including in a prospective cohort.
A clinically-oriented foundation model for intraoperative pathology
Nature Medicine, Published online: 10 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04703-0
CRISP, a vision-based pathology foundation model developed exclusively from frozen section slides, supports treatment decision-making throughout the surgical workflow with superior performance to current foundation models and extensive validation, including in a prospective cohort.-
cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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JarvisGUI: Towards Cross-Device GUI Agents with Dynamic Task Composition
arXiv:2609.10451v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world GUI usage frequently involves workflows that span multiple devices and platforms, requiring the transfer of intermediate results, maintenance of shared state, and coordination across heterogeneous environments. However, existing GUI benchmarks overwhelmingly evaluate agents on single-device, statically defined tasks, thus leaving such cross-device capabilities largely unexamined, resulting in an overly optimistic assessment of agents' r
JarvisGUI: Towards Cross-Device GUI Agents with Dynamic Task Composition
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Harbor Adapters and Harbor-Index: Infrastructure and a Curated Meta-Dataset for Large-Scale Agentic Evaluation
arXiv:2609.04298v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Evaluating agents on the growing number of agentic benchmarks is challenging because they often require complex environments and agent integrations. We introduce Harbor Adapters, a unified evaluation infrastructure for agentic benchmarks. Our work makes three contributions. First, we develop benchmark adapters that port more than 80 benchmarks to evaluate arbitrary agents, and validate them through rigorous code review and parity experiments.
Harbor Adapters and Harbor-Index: Infrastructure and a Curated Meta-Dataset for Large-Scale Agentic Evaluation
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Omics in Hepatocellular
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S1P-TREM2 axis protects immunosuppressive neutrophils from ferroptosis to promote tumour progression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Gut. 2026 Sep 7:gutjnl-2025-337414. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337414. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Neutrophils are increasingly recognised as immunosuppressive drivers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet their persistence in the oxidative, lipid-rich tumour microenvironment remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the metabolic and molecular programmes that enable tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) to resist ferroptosis and sustain immunosuppression in HCC.DESIGN: We em
S1P-TREM2 axis protects immunosuppressive neutrophils from ferroptosis to promote tumour progression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Gut. 2026 Sep 7:gutjnl-2025-337414. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337414. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Neutrophils are increasingly recognised as immunosuppressive drivers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet their persistence in the oxidative, lipid-rich tumour microenvironment remains poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the metabolic and molecular programmes that enable tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) to resist ferroptosis and sustain immunosuppression in HCC.
DESIGN: We employed human HCC samples, multiple murine HCC models, transcriptomic and lipidomic profiling, genetic loss-of-function systems and therapeutic interventions. Ferroptosis sensitivity, lipid metabolic rewiring and immunological consequences of TANs were systematically evaluated across models and validated in patient datasets and biospecimens.
RESULTS: TANs in human HCC and mouse models exhibit pronounced lipid accumulation and oxidative stress compared with peripheral neutrophils. Multi-omic profiling revealed that TANs are enriched for lipid-binding gene programmes and undergo rewiring towards sphingolipid and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism. We identified triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) as a key lipid-sensing receptor selectively expressed in TANs. Functional deletion of TREM2 reprogrammed the tumour immune microenvironment, restoring CD8+ T cell activity and suppressing HCC progression. Mechanistically, tumour-derived sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) activates TREM2, triggering nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-mediated transcription of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), thereby promoting ferroptosis resistance. TREM2 expression is transcriptionally induced by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (GM-CSF-STAT3) signalling. Genetic deletion of TREM2, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated knockout of sphingosine kinase 1/2 (SPHK1/2) in tumour cells, or pharmacological inhibition of S1P synthesis disrupts this protective lipid-immune circuit, sensitises TANs to ferroptosis and restricts tumour growth. Therapeutically, a peptide-based TREM2 inhibitor reprogrammes TANs, restores CD8+ T cell function and enhances anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy efficacy. Clinically, TREM2+ polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) are enriched in HCC tumours, correlate with SPHK1/2 expression and T cell dysfunction and associate with poor patient prognosis.
CONCLUSION: Our study uncovers the S1P-TREM2-NRF2 axis as a critical metabolic-immune circuit that preserves neutrophil survival and immunosuppressive function in HCC. Targeting this lipid-dependent ferroptosis resistance pathway offers a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome immunotherapy resistance in liver cancer.
PMID:42705697 | DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337414
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(Multiomics OR Omics) AND (Pancreatic)
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S1P-TREM2 axis protects immunosuppressive neutrophils from ferroptosis to promote tumour progression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Gut. 2026 Sep 7:gutjnl-2025-337414. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337414. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Neutrophils are increasingly recognised as immunosuppressive drivers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet their persistence in the oxidative, lipid-rich tumour microenvironment remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the metabolic and molecular programmes that enable tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) to resist ferroptosis and sustain immunosuppression in HCC.DESIGN: We em
S1P-TREM2 axis protects immunosuppressive neutrophils from ferroptosis to promote tumour progression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Gut. 2026 Sep 7:gutjnl-2025-337414. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337414. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Neutrophils are increasingly recognised as immunosuppressive drivers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet their persistence in the oxidative, lipid-rich tumour microenvironment remains poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the metabolic and molecular programmes that enable tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) to resist ferroptosis and sustain immunosuppression in HCC.
DESIGN: We employed human HCC samples, multiple murine HCC models, transcriptomic and lipidomic profiling, genetic loss-of-function systems and therapeutic interventions. Ferroptosis sensitivity, lipid metabolic rewiring and immunological consequences of TANs were systematically evaluated across models and validated in patient datasets and biospecimens.
RESULTS: TANs in human HCC and mouse models exhibit pronounced lipid accumulation and oxidative stress compared with peripheral neutrophils. Multi-omic profiling revealed that TANs are enriched for lipid-binding gene programmes and undergo rewiring towards sphingolipid and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism. We identified triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) as a key lipid-sensing receptor selectively expressed in TANs. Functional deletion of TREM2 reprogrammed the tumour immune microenvironment, restoring CD8+ T cell activity and suppressing HCC progression. Mechanistically, tumour-derived sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) activates TREM2, triggering nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-mediated transcription of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), thereby promoting ferroptosis resistance. TREM2 expression is transcriptionally induced by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (GM-CSF-STAT3) signalling. Genetic deletion of TREM2, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated knockout of sphingosine kinase 1/2 (SPHK1/2) in tumour cells, or pharmacological inhibition of S1P synthesis disrupts this protective lipid-immune circuit, sensitises TANs to ferroptosis and restricts tumour growth. Therapeutically, a peptide-based TREM2 inhibitor reprogrammes TANs, restores CD8+ T cell function and enhances anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy efficacy. Clinically, TREM2+ polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) are enriched in HCC tumours, correlate with SPHK1/2 expression and T cell dysfunction and associate with poor patient prognosis.
CONCLUSION: Our study uncovers the S1P-TREM2-NRF2 axis as a critical metabolic-immune circuit that preserves neutrophil survival and immunosuppressive function in HCC. Targeting this lipid-dependent ferroptosis resistance pathway offers a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome immunotherapy resistance in liver cancer.
PMID:42705697 | DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337414
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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DRIVE: Modeling Skills at the Reasoning and Interaction Levels for Web Agents under Continual Learning
arXiv:2605.23939v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Web agents require both high-level reasoning (for task decomposition) and low-level interactions (for page elements manipulation) to conduct different tasks. However, these knowledge types differ fundamentally: reasoning knowledge (e.g., booking a flight requires first searching for routes) is abstract and transferable across websites, while interaction knowledge (e.g., clicking the Search button at a specific coordinate on Site A) depends heavily
DRIVE: Modeling Skills at the Reasoning and Interaction Levels for Web Agents under Continual Learning
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Agent-Centric Social Trajectory Prediction: A Free Energy Principle Perspective
arXiv:2605.25748v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Trajectory prediction methods have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in capturing complex motion patterns. However, existing methods rely on global state assumptions, suffer from insufficient belief inference under partial observability, and lack cognitive behavioral constraints in prediction. These limitations severely compromise both deployment feasibility and physical plausibility in real-world settings. In this work, we propose FEP-Diff, an
Agent-Centric Social Trajectory Prediction: A Free Energy Principle Perspective
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Rethinking Federated Unlearning via the Lens of Memorization
arXiv:2605.24545v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated learning (FL) increasingly needs machine unlearning to comply with privacy regulations. However, existing federated unlearning approaches may overlook the overlapping information between the unlearning and remaining data, leading to ineffective unlearning and unfairness between clients. In this work, we revisit federated unlearning through the lens of memorization. We argue that unlearning should mainly remove the unique memorized info
Rethinking Federated Unlearning via the Lens of Memorization
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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VaaWIT: Visual-Aware Adaptation of Large Language Models for Multilingual Web Image Translation
arXiv:2605.24675v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Translating text embedded in Web images is crucial for improving content accessibility and cross-lingual information retrieval, particularly within social media and e-commerce domains. Although Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have advanced multimodal understanding, applying them to Web image translation remains challenging due to the visual representation gap: standard encoders often prioritize high-level semantics over the fine-grained vis
VaaWIT: Visual-Aware Adaptation of Large Language Models for Multilingual Web Image Translation
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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RealBench: Benchmarking Data-Driven Numerical Weather Forecasting Under Operational Conditions and Extreme Event Challenges
arXiv:2605.24945v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate evaluation of weather forecasting models is critical for their reliable deployment in real-world applications. However, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on reanalysis products such as ERA5, which are generated through delayed data assimilation and do not reflect the constraints of real-time operational forecasting, thereby resulting in a systematic mismatch between benchmark performance and real-world forecasting. In this work, we
RealBench: Benchmarking Data-Driven Numerical Weather Forecasting Under Operational Conditions and Extreme Event Challenges
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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DeGRe: Dense-supervised Generative Reranking for Recommendation
arXiv:2605.25749v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In multi-stage recommender systems, reranking optimizes overall utility by capturing intra-list contextual dependencies, yet its central challenge lies in exploring optimal sequences within an exponentially large permutation space. Recent studies have shifted towards end-to-end generative frameworks, which typically leverage list-wise rewards or preference alignment to guide generator training. However, these methods still face two critical issu
DeGRe: Dense-supervised Generative Reranking for Recommendation
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Agent Learning via Early Experience
arXiv:2510.08558v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A long-term goal of language agents is to learn and improve through their own experience, ultimately outperforming humans in complex, real-world tasks. However, training agents from experience data with reinforcement learning remains difficult in many environments, which either lack verifiable rewards (e.g., websites) or require inefficient long-horizon rollouts (e.g., multi-turn tool use). As a result, most current agents rely on supervised f
Agent Learning via Early Experience
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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UniToolCall: Unifying Tool-Use Representation, Data, and Evaluation for LLM Agents
arXiv:2604.11557v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Tool-use capability is a fundamental component of LLM agents, enabling them to interact with external systems through structured function calls. However, existing research exhibits inconsistent interaction representations, largely overlooks the structural distribution of tool-use trajectories, and relies on incompatible evaluation benchmarks. We present UniToolCall, a unified framework for tool learning that standardizes the entire pipeline fr
UniToolCall: Unifying Tool-Use Representation, Data, and Evaluation for LLM Agents
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Topology-Driven Transferability Estimation of Medical Foundation Models for Segmentation
arXiv:2602.23916v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The advent of large-scale self-supervised learning (SSL) has produced a vast zoo of medical foundation models. However, selecting optimal medical foundation models for specific segmentation tasks remains a computational bottleneck. Existing Transferability Estimation (TE) metrics, primarily designed for classification, rely on global statistical assumptions and fail to capture the topological complexity essential for dense prediction. We