Normal view
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Occamy-1.0: Open Pareto-frontier 35B Intelligence for Co-work
arXiv:2609.11977v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Co-work agents execute complex workflows that combine information gathering, tool use, coding, and file manipulation across many model invocations. Because cost and latency accumulate over the full episode, their practical value depends not only on peak capability but also on how efficiently that capability is delivered. Yet many steps in everyday work emphasize state tracking, coordination, recovery, and follow-through rather than frontier-scale
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npj Digital Medicine
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Impact of LLM-supported patient education on patient perspectives and patient-reported outcomes: a mixed-methods systematic review
npj Digital Medicine, Published online: 10 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41746-026-03228-7Impact of LLM-supported patient education on patient perspectives and patient-reported outcomes: a mixed-methods systematic review
Impact of LLM-supported patient education on patient perspectives and patient-reported outcomes: a mixed-methods systematic review
npj Digital Medicine, Published online: 10 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41746-026-03228-7
Impact of LLM-supported patient education on patient perspectives and patient-reported outcomes: a mixed-methods systematic review-
Molecular Therapy Advances
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Transduction Efficiency in Clinical CAR T-Cell Products: A Retrospective Study at a Single Center
Transduction efficiency is a critical determinant of CAR T-cell manufacturing quality. Analysis of 204 clinical CAR T-cell products revealed that transduction efficiency is shaped primarily by manufacturing workflows and protocol-dependent starting material composition. Higher transduction efficiency was associated with early memory-like cellular states, providing insights into optimizing CAR T-cell.
Transduction Efficiency in Clinical CAR T-Cell Products: A Retrospective Study at a Single Center
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Omics in Gastric
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Wuwei Huanglian Wan inhibits Helicobacter pylori and alleviates associated gastritis: host metabolic remodeling and altered IL-6/STAT3 signaling
J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Sep 5;374(Pt 1):122370. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122370. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Wuwei Huanglian Wan (WWHLW) is a traditional Tibetan medicine formula developed by Tibetan physician Takpe Pingcuo and officially documented in the Ministry of Health Drug Standards for Tibetan Medicines (Volume I, 1995). It has long been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, particularly conditions associated with gastrointestinal discomfor
Wuwei Huanglian Wan inhibits Helicobacter pylori and alleviates associated gastritis: host metabolic remodeling and altered IL-6/STAT3 signaling
J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Sep 5;374(Pt 1):122370. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122370. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Wuwei Huanglian Wan (WWHLW) is a traditional Tibetan medicine formula developed by Tibetan physician Takpe Pingcuo and officially documented in the Ministry of Health Drug Standards for Tibetan Medicines (Volume I, 1995). It has long been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, particularly conditions associated with gastrointestinal discomfort and inflammation. Given the overlap between its traditional indications and the clinical manifestations of H. pylori-associated gastritis (HAG), WWHLW represents a promising candidate for the management of H. pylori infection and related gastric inflammation. In addition, several constituent herbs of WWHLW have demonstrated anti-H. pylori and anti-inflammatory activities, providing a pharmacological basis for further investigating its therapeutic effects.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the therapeutic effects of WWHLW against H. pylori infection and HAG, and to explore the biological processes associated with these effects through integrated multi-omics and experimental validation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The therapeutic effects of WWHLW were evaluated through in vitro antibacterial assays and an H. pylori-infected mouse model. UHPLC-HRMS/MS was employed for chemical profiling and identification of serum-absorbed constituents. Serum metabolomics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking analysis, and molecular biological analyses were integrated to investigate the metabolic, microbial, and signaling changes associated with its therapeutic activity.
RESULTS: WWHLW exhibited anti-H. pylori activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.2-0.5 mg/mL against both standard strains and multidrug-resistant clinical isolates. At MIC concentrations, WWHLW treatment altered the expression of multiple virulence-associated genes and reduced gastric H. pylori colonization by 93.8% in infected mice. UHPLC-HRMS/MS analysis putatively annotated 121 compounds in the WWHLW extracts, of which 10 prototype constituents were detected in serum after oral administration. Integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology analyses revealed alterations in lipid and amino acid-related metabolic pathways following WWHLW treatment. Gut microbiota analysis showed that WWHLW was associated with less pronounced alterations in microbial diversity and composition than antibiotic treatment. Correlation analysis further revealed statistical associations between microbial taxa and lipid and amino acid-related features. Experimental validation showed that WWHLW reduced inflammatory cytokine expression and suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation, consistent with altered IL-6/STAT3-related molecular changes.
CONCLUSIONS: WWHLW exhibits therapeutic potential against H. pylori infection and HAG through combined antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and metabolic regulatory effects. The protective activity of WWHLW was associated with reduced IL-6/STAT3 signaling, providing pharmacological evidence supporting its traditional use in gastrointestinal disorders.
PMID:42700849 | DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2026.122370
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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TIAR: Trajectory-Informed Advantage Reweighting for LLM Abstention Learning
arXiv:2605.25850v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper investigates large language model (LLM) abstention learning, specifically using ternary reward, which incentivize truthfulness in large language models. This paper extends that idea by moving from a ternary reward to a Trajectory-Informed advantage reweighting, dynamically re-weights the abstention reward during Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) training. The objective of this work focuses on abstention learning instead of imp
TIAR: Trajectory-Informed Advantage Reweighting for LLM Abstention Learning
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Routing by Analogy: kNN-Augmented Expert Assignment for Mixture-of-Experts
arXiv:2601.02144v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures scale large language models efficiently by employing a parametric ``router'' to dispatch tokens to a sparse subset of experts. Typically, this router is trained once and then frozen, rendering routing decisions brittle under distribution shifts. We address this limitation by introducing kNN-MoE, a retrieval-augmented routing framework that reuses locally optimal expert assignments from a memory of s
Routing by Analogy: kNN-Augmented Expert Assignment for Mixture-of-Experts
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Cell
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Pan-neurodegeneration proteomics reveals disease subtypes and molecular signatures
A pan-neurodegeneration atlas built from multilayer, deep proteomics of 2,279 brain samples across 6 major diseases integrates whole proteome, detergent-insoluble proteome, and posttranslational modifications to enable intra- and inter-disease comparisons to reveal disease-specific subtypes and dysregulated pathways, while identifying shared changes such as GPNMB upregulation and NPTX2 downregulation.
Pan-neurodegeneration proteomics reveals disease subtypes and molecular signatures
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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BAAI Cardiac Agent: An intelligent multimodal agent for automated reasoning and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
arXiv:2604.04078v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a cornerstone for diagnosing cardiovascular disease. However, it remains underutilized due to complex, time-consuming interpretation across multi-sequences, phases, quantitative measures that heavily reliant on specialized expertise. Here, we present BAAI Cardiac Agent, a multimodal intelligent system designed for end-to-end CMR interpretation. The agent integrates specialized cardiac expert models to perform
BAAI Cardiac Agent: An intelligent multimodal agent for automated reasoning and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Agentization of Digital Assets for the Agentic Web: Concepts, Techniques, and Benchmark
arXiv:2604.04226v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agentic Web, as a new paradigm that redefines the internet through autonomous, goal-driven interactions, plays an important role in group intelligence. As the foundational semantic primitives of the Agentic Web, digital assets encapsulate interactive web elements into agents, which expand the capacities and coverage of agents in agentic web. The lack of automated methodologies for agent generation limits the wider usage of digital assets and the
Agentization of Digital Assets for the Agentic Web: Concepts, Techniques, and Benchmark
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Omics in Hepatocellular
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Elevation of Liver Elastic Value Following Radiofrequency Ablation Reflected Neutrophils Mediated Abscopal Effect in Liver Cancer
JHEP Rep. 2026 Mar 23:101824. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.101824. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a widely used treatment for HCC, but its efficacy is often limited by tumor relapse. Neutrophils, serve as a double-edged sword in tumor immunology, have recently been implicated in anti-tumor immunity post-RFA. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a non-invasive ex
Elevation of Liver Elastic Value Following Radiofrequency Ablation Reflected Neutrophils Mediated Abscopal Effect in Liver Cancer
JHEP Rep. 2026 Mar 23:101824. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.101824. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a widely used treatment for HCC, but its efficacy is often limited by tumor relapse. Neutrophils, serve as a double-edged sword in tumor immunology, have recently been implicated in anti-tumor immunity post-RFA. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a non-invasive examination for liver tissue, and associated with immune response. This study investigates the correlation between dynamic change of SWE values and neutrophils response following RFA, and explores potential adjuvant strategies for RFA.
METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive analysis using both clinical data from patients undergoing RFA (n=102) and experimental studies in mouse models (n=4-6 per group). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and multi-omics analyses including multiplex immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometric analysis were performed to identify neutrophil subsets. To assess the therapeutic potential of neutrophils-activating therapy for enhancing anti-tumor immunity post-RFA, we tested CD40 agonist in combination with RFA in preclinical models.
RESULTS: We noticed that rising liver SWE values following RFA were significantly associated with reduce relapse (n=102, p<0.001), and demonstrated that this phenomenon was linked to the inflammatory environment induced by the infiltration of neutrophils (2.5-fold increase, p<0.001). scRNA-seq analysis identified neutrophil subsets characterized by high expression of interferon-stimulated genes, which exhibited potent anti-tumor activity via nitric oxide. Importantly, treatment with CD40 agonist significantly augmented this immune response, leading to reduced tumor growth in mice (149.6±38.12 mm3 vs 23.92±4.43 mm3, p=0.008).
CONCLUSIONS: We linked clinical features to neutrophil-mediated immunity post-RFA. Neutrophil-activating therapy like CD40 agonists may prevent HCC relapse after RFA.
PMID:41881314 | DOI:10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.101824
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Generalizing Dynamics Modeling More Easily from Representation Perspective
arXiv:2603.22655v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Learning system dynamics from observations is a critical problem in many applications over various real-world complex systems, e.g., climate, ecology, and fluid systems. Recently, neural dynamics modeling method have become a prevalent solution that embeds the object's observations into a latent space before learning dynamics using neural methods such as neural Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE). Existing dynamics modeling methods induce a sp
Generalizing Dynamics Modeling More Easily from Representation Perspective
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Revealing Behavioral Plasticity in Large Language Models: A Token-Conditional Perspective
arXiv:2603.08398v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this work, we reveal that Large Language Models (LLMs) possess intrinsic behavioral plasticity-akin to chameleons adapting their coloration to environmental cues-that can be exposed through token-conditional generation and stabilized via reinforcement learning. Specifically, by conditioning generation on carefully selected token prefixes sampled from responses exhibiting desired behaviors, LLMs seamlessly adapt their behavioral modes at infer
Revealing Behavioral Plasticity in Large Language Models: A Token-Conditional Perspective
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Your Agent May Misevolve: Emergent Risks in Self-evolving LLM Agents
arXiv:2509.26354v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled a new class of self-evolving agents that autonomously improve through interaction with the environment, demonstrating strong capabilities. However, self-evolution also introduces novel risks overlooked by current safety research. In this work, we study the case where an agent's self-evolution deviates in unintended ways, leading to undesirable or even harmful outcomes. We refer to this as M
Your Agent May Misevolve: Emergent Risks in Self-evolving LLM Agents
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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PEPA: a Persistently Autonomous Embodied Agent with Personalities
arXiv:2603.00117v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Living organisms exhibit persistent autonomy through internally generated goals and self-sustaining behavioral organization, yet current embodied agents remain driven by externally scripted objectives. This dependence on predefined task specifications limits their capacity for long-term deployment in dynamic, unstructured environments where continuous human intervention is impractical. We propose that personality traits provide an intrin