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Multi-omics analysis identified SPRR2D as a potential biomarker for tumor prognosis and immune microenvironment infiltration: a pan-cancer perspective

4 April 2026 at 18:00

Future Sci OA. 2026 Dec;12(1):2653101. doi: 10.1080/20565623.2026.2653101. Epub 2026 Apr 3.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Clarification of the molecular mechanism of malignant tumor progression, identification of the key signaling pathways and molecules involved in the processes of invasion and metastasis, and identification of new targets and strategies for effective tumor treatment are extremely important for scientific research and clinical application prospects.

METHODS: Based on large-sample data mining, we first evaluated the expression and mutation profiles of SPRR family genes across cancers and then focused on the molecular functions of SPRR2D across cancers.

RESULTS: Multi-omics experiments revealed that SPRR2D is significantly overexpressed in various tumors, especially in LUSC. ROC curve analysis revealed that SPRR2D demonstrated significant diagnostic efficacy across cancers. Cox regression analysis revealed that the expression of SPRR2D was associated with the survival time of patients with various tumors. Moreover, the expression of SPRR2D is closely related to tumor immune infiltration. GDSC data analysis revealed that the expression levels of SPRR1A, SPRR1B, SPRR2A, SPRR3, and SPRR2D are negatively correlated with the sensitivity to gefitinib, trametinib, bosutinib, afatinib, lapatinib, and erlotinib.

CONCLUSIONS: From a multi-omics perspective, it was revealed that SPRR2D plays a significant role in regulating tumorigenesis and drug sensitivity in tumors.

PMID:41933926 | PMC:PMC13051589 | DOI:10.1080/20565623.2026.2653101

Multi-omics analysis identified SPRR2D as a potential biomarker for tumor prognosis and immune microenvironment infiltration: a pan-cancer perspective

Future Sci OA. 2026 Dec;12(1):2653101. doi: 10.1080/20565623.2026.2653101. Epub 2026 Apr 3.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Clarification of the molecular mechanism of malignant tumor progression, identification of the key signaling pathways and molecules involved in the processes of invasion and metastasis, and identification of new targets and strategies for effective tumor treatment are extremely important for scientific research and clinical application prospects.

METHODS: Based on large-sample data mining, we first evaluated the expression and mutation profiles of SPRR family genes across cancers and then focused on the molecular functions of SPRR2D across cancers.

RESULTS: Multi-omics experiments revealed that SPRR2D is significantly overexpressed in various tumors, especially in LUSC. ROC curve analysis revealed that SPRR2D demonstrated significant diagnostic efficacy across cancers. Cox regression analysis revealed that the expression of SPRR2D was associated with the survival time of patients with various tumors. Moreover, the expression of SPRR2D is closely related to tumor immune infiltration. GDSC data analysis revealed that the expression levels of SPRR1A, SPRR1B, SPRR2A, SPRR3, and SPRR2D are negatively correlated with the sensitivity to gefitinib, trametinib, bosutinib, afatinib, lapatinib, and erlotinib.

CONCLUSIONS: From a multi-omics perspective, it was revealed that SPRR2D plays a significant role in regulating tumorigenesis and drug sensitivity in tumors.

PMID:41933926 | PMC:PMC13051589 | DOI:10.1080/20565623.2026.2653101

SaiVLA-0: Cerebrum--Pons--Cerebellum Tripartite Architecture for Compute-Aware Vision-Language-Action

arXiv:2603.08124v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We revisit Vision-Language-Action through a neuroscience-inspired triad. Biologically, the Cerebrum provides stable high-level multimodal priors and remains frozen; the Pons Adapter integrates these cortical features with real-time proprioceptive inputs and compiles intent into execution-ready tokens; and the Cerebellum (ParaCAT) performs fast, parallel categorical decoding for online control, with hysteresis/EMA/temperature/entropy for stability. A fixed-ratio schedule and two-stage feature caching make the system compute-aware and reproducible. Inspired by active, foveated vision, our wrist ROIs are geometrically tied to the end-effector via calibrated projection, providing a movement-stabilized, high-resolution view that is sensitive to fine-grained pose changes and complements the global context of the main view. The design is modular: upgrading the Cerebrum only retrains the Pons; changing robots only trains the Cerebellum; cerebellum-only RL can further refine control without touching high-level semantics. As a concept-and-protocol paper with preliminary evidence, we outline a timing protocol under matched conditions (GPU, resolution, batch) to verify anticipated efficiency gains. We also report preliminary LIBERO evidence showing that split feature caching reduces training time (7.5h to 4.5h) and improves average success (86.5% to 92.5%) under official N1.5 head-only training, and that SaiVLA0 reaches 99.0% mean success.
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