Jin and colleagues review recent advances in mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer, covering sequence optimization, circRNA/saRNA platforms, delivery systems, and clinical translation challenges, while highlighting the role of computational technologies.

Nature, Published online: 15 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10324-xIn situ microscopic single-particle imaging demonstrates the significance of rationally engineered metal–support interfaces for activating the oxygen in bulk catalyst, helping elucidate reaction pathways in catalytic conversions.