Normal view
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Vision-DeepResearch: Incentivizing DeepResearch Capability in Multimodal Large Language Models
arXiv:2601.22060v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a broad range of vision tasks. However, constrained by the capacity of their internal world knowledge, prior work has proposed augmenting MLLMs by ``reasoning-then-tool-call'' for visual and textual search engines to obtain substantial gains on tasks requiring extensive factual information. However, these approaches typically define multimodal search in a na
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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From Conflict to Consensus: Boosting Medical Reasoning via Multi-Round Agentic RAG
arXiv:2603.03292v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit high reasoning capacity in medical question-answering, but their tendency to produce hallucinations and outdated knowledge poses critical risks in healthcare fields. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these issues, existing methods rely on noisy token-level signals and lack the multi-round refinement required for complex reasoning. In the paper, we propose MA-RAG (Multi-Round Agentic
From Conflict to Consensus: Boosting Medical Reasoning via Multi-Round Agentic RAG
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(Multiomics OR Omics) AND (Lung OR gastric OR Hepatocellular)
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Research on the compatibility mechanism of the Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction by multi-organ metabolomics strategy
J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Mar 21:121548. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.121548. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction (TD) is a traditional phlegm-eliminating prescription composed of Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl (TLZ) and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (DZ), which can relieve lung, heart and kidney injury in asthma. TLZ acts as the monarch drug in the TD. Based on the research mode of "material basis of traditional Chinese medicinal properties c
Research on the compatibility mechanism of the Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction by multi-organ metabolomics strategy
J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Mar 21:121548. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.121548. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction (TD) is a traditional phlegm-eliminating prescription composed of Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl (TLZ) and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (DZ), which can relieve lung, heart and kidney injury in asthma. TLZ acts as the monarch drug in the TD. Based on the research mode of "material basis of traditional Chinese medicinal properties can be divided and combined", we have confirmed that the flavonoid glycosides components /the oligosaccharide components/the fatty oil component (FG/Oli/FO) are effective components of TLZ. However, the compatibility mechanism of the TD, and the contribution of the effective components of TLZ to the efficacy were still unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To clarify the compatibility mechanism of TD, and the contribution of the effective components of TLZ to the efficacy from a comprehensive perspective of lung, heart, and kidney.
METHODS: First, we chose the asthma model corresponding to the efficacy of TD in purging the lungs and relieving asthma, and the rats were divided into the normal (NC) group, model (M) group, dexamethasone (DEX) group, and treatment groups of TD/TLZ/DZ/FO+DZ/Oli+DZ/FG+DZ. Second, metabolomics and network pharmacology were applied to elucidate the comprehensive protective effect of TD/FG+DZ/Oli+DZ/FO+DZ. Third, the multi-omics results were validated using Western blotting, RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence.
RESULTS: FO+DZ/Oli+DZ/FG+DZ had different degrees of protective effects against lung/heart/kidney injury in asthma. In metabolomics research, the principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis results showed that the TLZ group was closer to TD group than DZ group, the FO+DZ and Oli+DZ group clustered with TD/NC groups in the lung and kidney, and the FO+DZ and FG+DZ group clustered with TD/NC groups in the heart. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the comprehensive protective effect of TLZ and its effective components combined with DZ on lung/heart/kidney may be achieved by regulating the arginine and proline metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Multi-organ metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed consistent biological functions in KEGG pathways. Validation experiment showed that TLZ and its effective components combined with DZ could reverse the abnormal expression of proteins and RNA related to inflammation, airway remodeling, excitotoxicity, and energy-supply, apoptosis at different levels. Furthermore, FO+DZ may reduce asthma damage by inhibiting the FABP4/PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION: TLZ played the key role in TD, and FO had the best therapeutic effect on each organ; the efficacy of Oli was mainly reflected in reducing lung and kidney damage, and FG was mainly involved in enhancing energy metabolism in the heart. These findings proved that traditional Chinese medicine could exert comprehensive efficacy in a 'multi-components trigger multi-channel' way.
PMID:41871629 | DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2026.121548
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(Multiomics OR Omics) AND (Lung OR gastric OR Hepatocellular)
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Fluid-Derived Organoids from Pleural Effusion and Ascites: Emerging Models for Drug Resistance and Personalized Oncology
J Cancer. 2026 Mar 4;17(3):614-625. doi: 10.7150/jca.127511. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTMalignant pleural effusion (MPE) and malignant ascites (MA) are common complications in advanced-stage cancers, often signifying disease progression and resistance to treatment. Compared to tissue biopsies or surgical specimens, materials derived from effusions offer advantages such as minimal invasiveness, ease of accessibility, and the feasibility of repeated collection during therapeutic interventions. Organ
Fluid-Derived Organoids from Pleural Effusion and Ascites: Emerging Models for Drug Resistance and Personalized Oncology
J Cancer. 2026 Mar 4;17(3):614-625. doi: 10.7150/jca.127511. eCollection 2026.
ABSTRACT
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and malignant ascites (MA) are common complications in advanced-stage cancers, often signifying disease progression and resistance to treatment. Compared to tissue biopsies or surgical specimens, materials derived from effusions offer advantages such as minimal invasiveness, ease of accessibility, and the feasibility of repeated collection during therapeutic interventions. Organoids generated from tumor cells in effusions, termed fluid-derived organoids (FDOs), have demonstrated the ability to maintain genetic heterogeneity and accurately replicate patient-specific tumor phenotypes. These characteristics position FDOs as promising models for investigating drug resistance mechanisms and informing personalized oncology strategies. In the context of lung cancer, organoids derived from pleural effusions have been employed to study acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy. Similarly, in ovarian and gastrointestinal cancers, organoids derived from ascites have proven to be valuable platforms for examining chemotherapy resistance and conducting drug sensitivity testing. FDOs have shown significant potential for translational applications by effectively correlating ex vivo drug responses with clinical outcomes, thus facilitating real-time monitoring of resistance evolution. However, several challenges remain, such as achieving culture standardization, maintaining the integrity of tumor microenvironment components, and integrating with multi-omics approaches. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the use of pleural effusion- and ascites-derived organoids for drug resistance research, underscores their applications in personalized oncology, and explores future research directions.
PMID:41869438 | PMC:PMC13003542 | DOI:10.7150/jca.127511
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Omics In Lung
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Research on the compatibility mechanism of the Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction by multi-organ metabolomics strategy
J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Mar 21:121548. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.121548. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction (TD) is a traditional phlegm-eliminating prescription composed of Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl (TLZ) and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (DZ), which can relieve lung, heart and kidney injury in asthma. TLZ acts as the monarch drug in the TD. Based on the research mode of "material basis of traditional Chinese medicinal properties c
Research on the compatibility mechanism of the Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction by multi-organ metabolomics strategy
J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Mar 21:121548. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.121548. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction (TD) is a traditional phlegm-eliminating prescription composed of Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl (TLZ) and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (DZ), which can relieve lung, heart and kidney injury in asthma. TLZ acts as the monarch drug in the TD. Based on the research mode of "material basis of traditional Chinese medicinal properties can be divided and combined", we have confirmed that the flavonoid glycosides components /the oligosaccharide components/the fatty oil component (FG/Oli/FO) are effective components of TLZ. However, the compatibility mechanism of the TD, and the contribution of the effective components of TLZ to the efficacy were still unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To clarify the compatibility mechanism of TD, and the contribution of the effective components of TLZ to the efficacy from a comprehensive perspective of lung, heart, and kidney.
METHODS: First, we chose the asthma model corresponding to the efficacy of TD in purging the lungs and relieving asthma, and the rats were divided into the normal (NC) group, model (M) group, dexamethasone (DEX) group, and treatment groups of TD/TLZ/DZ/FO+DZ/Oli+DZ/FG+DZ. Second, metabolomics and network pharmacology were applied to elucidate the comprehensive protective effect of TD/FG+DZ/Oli+DZ/FO+DZ. Third, the multi-omics results were validated using Western blotting, RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence.
RESULTS: FO+DZ/Oli+DZ/FG+DZ had different degrees of protective effects against lung/heart/kidney injury in asthma. In metabolomics research, the principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis results showed that the TLZ group was closer to TD group than DZ group, the FO+DZ and Oli+DZ group clustered with TD/NC groups in the lung and kidney, and the FO+DZ and FG+DZ group clustered with TD/NC groups in the heart. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the comprehensive protective effect of TLZ and its effective components combined with DZ on lung/heart/kidney may be achieved by regulating the arginine and proline metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Multi-organ metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed consistent biological functions in KEGG pathways. Validation experiment showed that TLZ and its effective components combined with DZ could reverse the abnormal expression of proteins and RNA related to inflammation, airway remodeling, excitotoxicity, and energy-supply, apoptosis at different levels. Furthermore, FO+DZ may reduce asthma damage by inhibiting the FABP4/PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION: TLZ played the key role in TD, and FO had the best therapeutic effect on each organ; the efficacy of Oli was mainly reflected in reducing lung and kidney damage, and FG was mainly involved in enhancing energy metabolism in the heart. These findings proved that traditional Chinese medicine could exert comprehensive efficacy in a 'multi-components trigger multi-channel' way.
PMID:41871629 | DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2026.121548
-
Omics In Lung
-
Fluid-Derived Organoids from Pleural Effusion and Ascites: Emerging Models for Drug Resistance and Personalized Oncology
J Cancer. 2026 Mar 4;17(3):614-625. doi: 10.7150/jca.127511. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTMalignant pleural effusion (MPE) and malignant ascites (MA) are common complications in advanced-stage cancers, often signifying disease progression and resistance to treatment. Compared to tissue biopsies or surgical specimens, materials derived from effusions offer advantages such as minimal invasiveness, ease of accessibility, and the feasibility of repeated collection during therapeutic interventions. Organ
Fluid-Derived Organoids from Pleural Effusion and Ascites: Emerging Models for Drug Resistance and Personalized Oncology
J Cancer. 2026 Mar 4;17(3):614-625. doi: 10.7150/jca.127511. eCollection 2026.
ABSTRACT
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and malignant ascites (MA) are common complications in advanced-stage cancers, often signifying disease progression and resistance to treatment. Compared to tissue biopsies or surgical specimens, materials derived from effusions offer advantages such as minimal invasiveness, ease of accessibility, and the feasibility of repeated collection during therapeutic interventions. Organoids generated from tumor cells in effusions, termed fluid-derived organoids (FDOs), have demonstrated the ability to maintain genetic heterogeneity and accurately replicate patient-specific tumor phenotypes. These characteristics position FDOs as promising models for investigating drug resistance mechanisms and informing personalized oncology strategies. In the context of lung cancer, organoids derived from pleural effusions have been employed to study acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy. Similarly, in ovarian and gastrointestinal cancers, organoids derived from ascites have proven to be valuable platforms for examining chemotherapy resistance and conducting drug sensitivity testing. FDOs have shown significant potential for translational applications by effectively correlating ex vivo drug responses with clinical outcomes, thus facilitating real-time monitoring of resistance evolution. However, several challenges remain, such as achieving culture standardization, maintaining the integrity of tumor microenvironment components, and integrating with multi-omics approaches. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the use of pleural effusion- and ascites-derived organoids for drug resistance research, underscores their applications in personalized oncology, and explores future research directions.
PMID:41869438 | PMC:PMC13003542 | DOI:10.7150/jca.127511
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Cell Death Discovery nature.com science feeds
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Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by enhancing COX17-dependent oxidative phosphorylation
Cell Death Discovery, Published online: 06 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41420-026-02994-3Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by enhancing COX17-dependent oxidative phosphorylation
Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by enhancing COX17-dependent oxidative phosphorylation
Cell Death Discovery, Published online: 06 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41420-026-02994-3
Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by enhancing COX17-dependent oxidative phosphorylation-
cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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From Conflict to Consensus: Boosting Medical Reasoning via Multi-Round Agentic RAG
arXiv:2603.03292v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit high reasoning capacity in medical question-answering, but their tendency to produce hallucinations and outdated knowledge poses critical risks in healthcare fields. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these issues, existing methods rely on noisy token-level signals and lack the multi-round refinement required for complex reasoning. In the paper, we propose **MA-RAG** (**M**ulti-Round **A**ge
From Conflict to Consensus: Boosting Medical Reasoning via Multi-Round Agentic RAG
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Understanding Parents' Desires in Moderating Children's Interactions with GenAI Chatbots through LLM-Generated Probes
arXiv:2603.03727v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper studies how parents want to moderate children's interactions with Generative AI chatbots, with the goal of informing the design of future GenAI parental control tools. We first used an LLM to generate synthetic child-GenAI chatbot interaction scenarios and worked with four parents to validate their realism. From this dataset, we carefully selected 12 diverse examples that evoked varying levels of concern and were rated the most realis
Understanding Parents' Desires in Moderating Children's Interactions with GenAI Chatbots through LLM-Generated Probes
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Prompt Optimization Via Diffusion Language Models
arXiv:2602.18449v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a diffusion-based framework for prompt optimization that leverages Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) to iteratively refine system prompts through masked denoising. By conditioning on interaction traces, including user queries, model responses, and optional feedback, our method enables flexible, span-level prompt updates without requiring gradient access or modifying the downstream language model. Across diverse benchmarks (e.g., $\tau$
Prompt Optimization Via Diffusion Language Models
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Diversity-Incentivized Exploration for Versatile Reasoning
arXiv:2509.26209v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a crucial paradigm for incentivizing reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs). Due to vast state-action spaces and reward sparsity in reasoning tasks, existing methods often struggle with deficient exploration and poor sample efficiency. In the paper, we propose \textbf{DIVER} (\textbf{D}iversity-\textbf{I}ncentivized Exploration for \textbf{V}ersatil\textbf{E}
Diversity-Incentivized Exploration for Versatile Reasoning
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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ForesightSafety Bench: A Frontier Risk Evaluation and Governance Framework towards Safe AI
arXiv:2602.14135v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Rapidly evolving AI exhibits increasingly strong autonomy and goal-directed capabilities, accompanied by derivative systemic risks that are more unpredictable, difficult to control, and potentially irreversible. However, current AI safety evaluation systems suffer from critical limitations such as restricted risk dimensions and failed frontier risk detection. The lagging safety benchmarks and alignment technologies can hardly address the compl
ForesightSafety Bench: A Frontier Risk Evaluation and Governance Framework towards Safe AI
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Towards A Universal Graph Structural Encoder
arXiv:2504.10917v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advancements in large-scale pre-training have shown the potential to learn generalizable representations for downstream tasks. In the graph domain, however, capturing and transferring structural information across different graph domains remains challenging, primarily due to the inherent differences in graph topological patterns across various contexts. For example, a social network's structure is fundamentally different from that
Towards A Universal Graph Structural Encoder
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Generative Reasoning Re-ranker
arXiv:2602.07774v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent studies increasingly explore Large Language Models (LLMs) as a new paradigm for recommendation systems due to their scalability and world knowledge. However, existing work has three key limitations: (1) most efforts focus on retrieval and ranking, while the reranking phase, critical for refining final recommendations, is largely overlooked; (2) LLMs are typically used in zero-shot or supervised fine-tuning settings, leaving their
Generative Reasoning Re-ranker
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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HybridFlow: A Two-Step Generative Policy for Robotic Manipulation
arXiv:2602.13718v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Limited by inference latency, existing robot manipulation policies lack sufficient real-time interaction capability with the environment. Although faster generation methods such as flow matching are gradually replacing diffusion methods, researchers are pursuing even faster generation suitable for interactive robot control. MeanFlow, as a one-step variant of flow matching, has shown strong potential in image generation, but its precision in acti
HybridFlow: A Two-Step Generative Policy for Robotic Manipulation
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Accelerating Scientific Research with Gemini: Case Studies and Common Techniques
arXiv:2602.03837v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have opened new avenues for accelerating scientific research. While models are increasingly capable of assisting with routine tasks, their ability to contribute to novel, expert-level mathematical discovery is less understood. We present a collection of case studies demonstrating how researchers have successfully collaborated with advanced AI models, specifically Google's Gemini-based model
Accelerating Scientific Research with Gemini: Case Studies and Common Techniques
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Fin-RATE: A Real-world Financial Analytics and Tracking Evaluation Benchmark for LLMs on SEC Filings
arXiv:2602.07294v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: With the increasing deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the finance domain, LLMs are increasingly expected to parse complex regulatory disclosures. However, existing benchmarks often focus on isolated details, failing to reflect the complexity of professional analysis that requires synthesizing information across multiple documents, reporting periods, and corporate entities. Furthermore, these benchmarks do not disentangle whet
Fin-RATE: A Real-world Financial Analytics and Tracking Evaluation Benchmark for LLMs on SEC Filings
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Kunlun: Establishing Scaling Laws for Massive-Scale Recommendation Systems through Unified Architecture Design
arXiv:2602.10016v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Deriving predictable scaling laws that govern the relationship between model performance and computational investment is crucial for designing and allocating resources in massive-scale recommendation systems. While such laws are established for large language models, they remain challenging for recommendation systems, especially those processing both user history and context features. We identify poor scaling efficiency as the main barri