Normal view
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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AICCE: AI Driven Compliance Checker Engine
arXiv:2604.03330v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: For digital infrastructure to be safe, compatible, and standards-aligned, automated communication protocol compliance verification is crucial. Nevertheless, current rule-based systems are becoming less and less effective since they are unable to identify subtle or intricate non-compliance, which attackers frequently use to establish covert communication channels in IPv6 traffic. In order to automate IPv6 compliance verification, this paper prese
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Zero-Shot Quantization via Weight-Space Arithmetic
arXiv:2604.03420v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We show that robustness to post-training quantization (PTQ) is a transferable direction in weight space. We call this direction the quantization vector: extracted from a donor task by simple weight-space arithmetic, it can be used to patch a receiver model and improve robustness to PTQ-induced noise by as much as 60%, without receiver-side quantization-aware training (QAT). Because the method requires no receiver training data, it provides a zer
Zero-Shot Quantization via Weight-Space Arithmetic
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Inference-Path Optimization via Circuit Duplication in Frozen Visual Transformers for Marine Species Classification
arXiv:2604.03428v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated underwater species classification is constrained by annotation cost and environmental variation that limits the transferability of fully supervised models. Recent work has shown that frozen embeddings from self-supervised vision foundation models already provide a strong label-efficient baseline for marine image classification. Here we investigate whether this frozen-embedding regime can be improved at inference time, without fine-tuni
Inference-Path Optimization via Circuit Duplication in Frozen Visual Transformers for Marine Species Classification
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Voxtral TTS
arXiv:2603.25551v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce Voxtral TTS, an expressive multilingual text-to-speech model that generates natural speech from as little as 3 seconds of reference audio. Voxtral TTS adopts a hybrid architecture that combines auto-regressive generation of semantic speech tokens with flow-matching for acoustic tokens. These tokens are encoded and decoded with Voxtral Codec, a speech tokenizer trained from scratch with a hybrid VQ-FSQ quantization scheme. In human
Voxtral TTS
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Nature Medicine
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An international mega-analysis of psychedelic drug effects on brain circuit function
Nature Medicine, Published online: 06 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04287-9Analysis of neuroimaging datasets across five major psychedelics revealed a shared brain signature and provides a comprehensive insight into how these drugs reorganize brain architecture.
An international mega-analysis of psychedelic drug effects on brain circuit function
Nature Medicine, Published online: 06 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04287-9
Analysis of neuroimaging datasets across five major psychedelics revealed a shared brain signature and provides a comprehensive insight into how these drugs reorganize brain architecture.-
npj Digital Medicine
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Decipher-MR: a vision-language foundation model for 3D MRI representations
npj Digital Medicine, Published online: 04 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02596-4Decipher-MR: a vision-language foundation model for 3D MRI representations
Decipher-MR: a vision-language foundation model for 3D MRI representations
npj Digital Medicine, Published online: 04 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02596-4
Decipher-MR: a vision-language foundation model for 3D MRI representations-
Cell Death Discovery nature.com science feeds
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Correction: The cytotoxicity of gomesin peptides is mediated by the glycosphingolipid pathway and lipid-cholesterol interactions
Cell Death Discovery, Published online: 02 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41420-026-03009-xCorrection: The cytotoxicity of gomesin peptides is mediated by the glycosphingolipid pathway and lipid-cholesterol interactions
Correction: The cytotoxicity of gomesin peptides is mediated by the glycosphingolipid pathway and lipid-cholesterol interactions
Cell Death Discovery, Published online: 02 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41420-026-03009-x
Correction: The cytotoxicity of gomesin peptides is mediated by the glycosphingolipid pathway and lipid-cholesterol interactions-
cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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A Latent Risk-Aware Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Operational Success in Clinical Trials based on TrialsBank
arXiv:2603.29041v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Clinical trials are characterized by high costs, extended timelines, and substantial operational risk, yet reliable prospective methods for predicting trial success before initiation remain limited. Existing artificial intelligence approaches often focus on isolated metrics or specific development stages and frequently rely on variables unavailable at the trial design phase, limiting real-world applicability. We present a hierarchical latent ris
A Latent Risk-Aware Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Operational Success in Clinical Trials based on TrialsBank
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Agenda-based Narrative Extraction: Steering Pathfinding Algorithms with Large Language Models
arXiv:2603.29661v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing narrative extraction methods face a trade-off between coherence, interactivity, and multi-storyline support. Narrative Maps supports rich interaction and generates multiple storylines as a byproduct of its coverage constraints, though this comes at the cost of individual path coherence. Narrative Trails achieves high coherence through maximum capacity path optimization but provides no mechanism for user guidance or multiple perspectives
Agenda-based Narrative Extraction: Steering Pathfinding Algorithms with Large Language Models
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Symbol Grounding in Neuro-Symbolic AI: A Gentle Introduction to Reasoning Shortcuts
arXiv:2510.14538v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI aims to develop deep neural networks whose predictions comply with prior knowledge encoding, e.g. safety or structural constraints. As such, it represents one of the most promising avenues for reliable and trustworthy AI. The core idea behind NeSy AI is to combine neural and symbolic steps: neural networks are typically responsible for mapping low-level inputs into high-level symbolic concepts, while symbolic reasoning
Symbol Grounding in Neuro-Symbolic AI: A Gentle Introduction to Reasoning Shortcuts
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Nature - Issue - nature.com science feeds
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Deconstruction of a spino-brain–spinal cord circuit that drives chronic pain
Nature, Published online: 01 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10296-yIn mice, a circuit between the spinal cord and various regions of the brain, centring on spinal-cord-projecting neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla, has a key role in driving chronic pain.
Deconstruction of a spino-brain–spinal cord circuit that drives chronic pain
Nature, Published online: 01 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10296-y
In mice, a circuit between the spinal cord and various regions of the brain, centring on spinal-cord-projecting neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla, has a key role in driving chronic pain.-
Nature - Issue - nature.com science feeds
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General scales unlock AI evaluation with explanatory and predictive power
Nature, Published online: 01 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10303-2A fully automated methodology based on rubrics capturing a broad range of cognitive and intellectual demands is illustrated using LLMs and tasks, demonstrating a new way to evaluate the capabilities of AI systems and anticipate their performance.
General scales unlock AI evaluation with explanatory and predictive power
Nature, Published online: 01 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10303-2
A fully automated methodology based on rubrics capturing a broad range of cognitive and intellectual demands is illustrated using LLMs and tasks, demonstrating a new way to evaluate the capabilities of AI systems and anticipate their performance.-
Nature - Issue - nature.com science feeds
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Reproducibility and robustness of economics and political science research
Nature, Published online: 01 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10251-xRobustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.
Reproducibility and robustness of economics and political science research
Nature, Published online: 01 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10251-x
Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.-
Nature - Issue - nature.com science feeds
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Super-potent opioids could be safer-than-expected alternatives to conventional painkillers
Nature, Published online: 01 April 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00806-3Modified nitazenes, opioids 1,000 times stronger than morphine, show remarkably few adverse effects in rodents, renewing the potential of these drugs for pain relief.
Super-potent opioids could be safer-than-expected alternatives to conventional painkillers
Nature, Published online: 01 April 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00806-3
Modified nitazenes, opioids 1,000 times stronger than morphine, show remarkably few adverse effects in rodents, renewing the potential of these drugs for pain relief.-
(Multiomics OR Omics) AND (Lung OR gastric OR Hepatocellular)
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Two-step clinical care pathway to predict MASLD-related advanced fibrosis and long-term outcomes in type 2 diabetes
Gut. 2026 Feb 9;75(3):576-587. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337506.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Current guidelines recommend a two-step approach for risk stratification of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), starting with Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) followed by liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE).OBJECTIVE: To evaluate this approach for predicting advanced fibrosis and liver-related events (LREs) in patients with type 2 diabete
Two-step clinical care pathway to predict MASLD-related advanced fibrosis and long-term outcomes in type 2 diabetes
Gut. 2026 Feb 9;75(3):576-587. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337506.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Current guidelines recommend a two-step approach for risk stratification of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), starting with Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) followed by liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE).
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate this approach for predicting advanced fibrosis and liver-related events (LREs) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
DESIGN: A prospective liver biopsy cohort of T2D patients with histologically confirmed MASLD from seven centres in China was used to assess diagnostic performance for advanced fibrosis. The international VCTE-Prognosis cohort, including T2D patients with MASLD who underwent VCTE at 16 centres in the USA, Europe and Asia, with longitudinal follow-up, was used to assess LREs, defined as hepatic decompensation or hepatocellular carcinoma.
RESULTS: 4781 participants were included. In the liver biopsy cohort (n=352; 22.2% with advanced fibrosis), applying LSM thresholds of <8 kPa and >12 kPa after FIB-4 classified patients into 63.4% low-risk, 9.4% intermediate-risk and 27.3% high-risk, with a correct classification rate of 71%. In the VCTE-Prognosis cohort (n=4429; median follow-up 51.3 (IQR 27.4-70.7) months), 140 (3.2%) patients developed LREs (110 (2.5%) with hepatic decompensation and 59 (1.3%) with hepatocellular carcinoma). The two-step approach classified 72.6%, 6.8% and 20.6% of patients into low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk groups, with corresponding 5-year cumulative LRE incidences of 0.7%, 0.9% and 11.8%. Refining classification of intermediate FIB-4 patients using LSM <10 kPa (low-risk) and >15 kPa (high-risk) reduced the intermediate-risk group to 5.6% while preserving predictive accuracy.
CONCLUSION: The non-invasive two-step approach of FIB-4 followed by LSM effectively stratifies MASLD-related advanced fibrosis and LREs risk in T2D. Applying LSM cut-offs of 10 and 15 kPa further optimises risk stratification for future LREs.
PMID:41911049 | DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337506
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Online library learning in human visual puzzle solving
arXiv:2603.23244v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When learning a novel complex task, people often form efficient reusable abstractions that simplify future work, despite uncertainty about the future. We study this process in a visual puzzle task where participants define and reuse helpers -- intermediate constructions that capture repeating structure. In an online experiment, participants solved puzzles of increasing difficulty. Early on, they created many helpers, favouring completeness over ef
Online library learning in human visual puzzle solving
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Founder effects shape the evolutionary dynamics of multimodality in open LLM families
arXiv:2603.22287v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) families are improving rapidly, yet it remains unclear how quickly multimodal capabilities emerge and propagate within open families. Using the ModelBiome AI Ecosystem dataset of Hugging Face model metadata and recorded lineage fields (>1.8x10^6 model entries), we quantify multimodality over time and along recorded parent-to-child relations. Cross-modal tasks are widespread in the broader ecosystem well before they
Founder effects shape the evolutionary dynamics of multimodality in open LLM families
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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ReqFusion: A Multi-Provider Framework for Automated PEGS Analysis Across Software Domains
arXiv:2603.23482v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Requirements engineering is a vital, yet labor-intensive, stage in the software development process. This article introduces ReqFusion: an AI-enhanced system that automates the extraction, classification, and analysis of software requirements utilizing multiple Large Language Model (LLM) providers. The architecture of ReqFusion integrates OpenAI GPT, Anthropic Claude, and Groq models to extract functional and non-functional requirements from var
ReqFusion: A Multi-Provider Framework for Automated PEGS Analysis Across Software Domains
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Operational machine learning for remote spectroscopic detection of CH$_{4}$ point sources
arXiv:2511.07719v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Mitigating anthropogenic methane sources is one of the most cost-effective levers to slow down global warming. While satellite-based imaging spectrometers, such as EMIT, PRISMA, and EnMAP, can detect these point sources, current methane retrieval methods based on matched filters produce a high number of false detections requiring manual verification. To address this challenge, we deployed a ML system for detecting methane emissions within the
Operational machine learning for remote spectroscopic detection of CH$_{4}$ point sources
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Nature - Issue - nature.com science feeds
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Moderate global warming does not rule out extreme global climate outcomes
Nature, Published online: 25 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10237-9Extreme global climate outcomes may occur even under moderate 2 °C warming and may turn out to be more extreme than model-averaged projections at 3 °C or 4 °C warming.
Moderate global warming does not rule out extreme global climate outcomes
Nature, Published online: 25 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10237-9
Extreme global climate outcomes may occur even under moderate 2 °C warming and may turn out to be more extreme than model-averaged projections at 3 °C or 4 °C warming.