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Received — 27 May 2026 ⏭

Parameter Efficient Multi-Class Intelligent Scheduling for Multimodal Online Distributed Industrial Anomaly Detection

✇cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
By: Heqiang Wang · Weihong Yang · Zheyuan Yang · Jia Zhou · Xiaoxiong Zhong · Fangming Liu · Weizhe Zhang
26 May 2026 at 12:00
arXiv:2605.23984v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Industrial anomaly detection has attracted significant attention as a fundamental challenge in industrial systems. The rapid advancement of heterogeneous industrial sensors has driven industrial anomaly detection from unimodal to multimodal paradigms. However, existing methods are primarily designed for centralized and offline settings, overlooking the distributed and continuously generated data characteristic of real-world industrial environments. With the advancement of edge intelligence, modern edge devices are increasingly capable of not only data acquisition but also distributed model training, enabling collaborative intelligence across the system. Industrial anomaly detection represents a critical application in this context. Motivated by these challenges, we propose a novel framework termed Multimodal Online Distributed Industrial Anomaly Detection (MODIAD). We first present a comprehensive workflow for MODIAD and then formulate a Multi-class Intelligent Scheduling (MIS) problem to coordinate cross class model updates by balancing data sufficiency and class update frequency. To efficiently solve this problem, we design a Sequential Marginal Gain Greedy (SMG) algorithm that enables effective multi-class training under resource constraints. Furthermore, to improve the computational and communication efficiency during training, we propose an Resource Efficient Class-Wise Low Rank Adaptation (REC-LoRA) strategy, which significantly reduces system overhead while preserving detection performance. Extensive experiments on two representative multimodal industrial anomaly detection datasets, MVTec 3D-AD and Eyecandies demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior performance and efficiency under the MODIAD scenario.

Cross-Stage Attention Multi-Expert Network for Radiologist-Inspired Breast Ultrasound Diagnosis

✇cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
By: Xinyang Zhai · Chong Yang · Ruizhi Zhang
26 May 2026 at 12:00
arXiv:2605.25518v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Breast ultrasound imaging is an important noninvasive method for early breast cancer diagnosis, but automatic benign/malignant classification remains challenging due to tumor heterogeneity, blurred boundaries, and data imbalance. To improve feature representation and classification accuracy, this paper proposes the Cross-Stage Attention Mixture-of-Experts Network (CSA-MoE-Net). It adopts a Cross-Stage Attention-enhanced ResNet-18 as the backbone, in which the Cross-Stage Attention module adaptively recalibrates multi-level features, thereby enhancing key tumor features and suppressing redundancy. A three-branch Mixture of Experts (MoE) Block learns complementary features from the Whole Tumor Image, Tumor Core, and Boundary, and an Adaptive Gating Network fuses them to capture morphological, textural, and contextual information. The fused features are denoted as Fused Expert Feature (FEF) in the architecture. Experiments on a balanced dataset of 2,129 breast ultrasound images show that, averaged over 20 independent runs, the model achieves an accuracy of 96.33\%, precision of 94.09\%, recall of 98.53\%, F1-score of 96.25\%, and AUC of 99.50\%. Compared to the baseline ResNet-18, these metrics improve by 3.01, 0.70, 5.37, 2.98, and 5.42 percentage points, respectively. The proposed mechanism requires no invasive modification and can be seamlessly embedded into VGG-16, DenseNet-121, etc., yielding stable performance gains, thus providing reliable support for computer-aided diagnosis.

Decoding ML Decision: An Agentic Reasoning Framework for Large-Scale Ranking System

✇cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
By: Longfei Yun · Yihan Wu · Haoran Liu · Xiaoxuan Liu · Ziyun Xu · Yi Wang · Yang Xia · Pengfei Wang · Mingze Gao · Yunxiang Wang · Changfan Chen · Wenjie Fu · Hong Yan · Junfeng Pan
26 May 2026 at 12:00
arXiv:2602.18640v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern large-scale ranking systems operate within a sophisticated landscape of competing objectives, operational constraints, and evolving product requirements. Progress in this domain is increasingly bottlenecked by the engineering context constraint: the arduous process of translating ambiguous product intent into reasonable, executable, verifiable hypotheses, rather than by modeling techniques alone. We present GEARS (Generative Engine for Agentic Ranking Systems), a framework that reframes ranking optimization as an autonomous discovery process within a programmable experimentation environment. Rather than treating optimization as static model selection, GEARS leverages Specialized Agent Skills to encapsulate ranking expert knowledge into reusable reasoning capabilities, enabling operators to steer systems via high-level intent vibe personalization. Furthermore, to ensure production reliability, the framework incorporates validation hooks to enforce statistical robustness and filter out brittle policies that overfit short-term signals. Experimental validation across diverse product surfaces demonstrates that GEARS consistently identifies superior, near-Pareto-efficient policies by synergizing algorithmic signals with deep ranking context while maintaining rigorous deployment stability.
Received — 2 April 2026 ⏭

Hepatotoxicity Prediction and Multi-omics Reveal Mitochondrial and Lipid Metabolic Dysregulation in PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Induced Liver Fibrosis

✇Omics in Hepatocellular
By: Hiu-Lok Ngan · Jialing Zhang · Yi Chen · Yuanyuan Song · Zenghua Qi · Zhu Yang · Hong Yan · Zongwei Cai
26 March 2026 at 18:00

Environ Health (Wash). 2025 Nov 14;4(3):513-521. doi: 10.1021/envhealth.5c00401. eCollection 2026 Mar 20.

ABSTRACT

Prolonged exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to chronic liver injury and cancer. However, an alternative risk assessment method to prospective longitudinal studies of exposome-metabolome interactions for liver inflammation-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is lacking. This study investigates the risk of long-term real-world PM2.5 exposure in hepatocarcinogenesis through machine learning techniques. Shotgun mass spectrometry (MS) imaging data were acquired from mouse models across a continuum of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC for training a multiclass classification model to identify "No Risk", "Cancer Risk", and "Cancer". Direct infusion-MS data from PM2.5-exposed mouse livers were analyzed to classify risk. By integrating data-driven and knowledge-based approaches, 14 disease progression biomarkers were identified for modeling. Our results suggest that chronic real-world PM2.5 exposure can induce liver fibrosis, presenting cancer risk. Incorporating metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics, we propose PM2.5 exposure induces mitochondrial dysfunction, activates AMPK signaling, and increases ceramide accumulation, potentially mediating insulin resistance that contributes to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and HCC progression. This work represents a significant advancement in assessing hepatotoxicity of environmental toxicants by reducing reliance on traditional animal testing methods. It also underscores the potential of emerging technologies in transforming our understanding of PM2.5 exposure, paving the way for targeted interventions.

PMID:41883379 | PMC:PMC13010293 | DOI:10.1021/envhealth.5c00401

Received — 14 March 2026 ⏭

Regulatory mechanisms of ALKBH5/CIITA axis in the synergistic modulation of hepatocellular carcinoma radiotherapy and immunotherapy

✇Omics in Hepatocellular
By: Fei Wang · Hui Hou · Hong Yang · Ting Dou · Zhenxia Wang · Hongdan Fu · Hong Li · Wei Zhang · Haiping Zhao · Hao Yang
11 March 2026 at 18:00

Genes Immun. 2026 Mar 10. doi: 10.1038/s41435-026-00382-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma remains grim. Combining radiotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has shown potential to enhance therapeutic outcomes, yet there is a pressing need for further advancements. Our previous research demonstrated that this combined approach suppresses ALKBH5 gene expression and increases m6A modification levels in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. High-throughput sequencing and detailed molecular analysis revealed that inhibiting ALKBH5 amplifies CIITA m6A modifications post-therapy. This modulation triggers MHC II molecule expression in tumors, facilitating the presentation of tumor-associated antigens to CD4 + T lymphocytes and the recruitment of CD8 + T cells for an anti-tumor immune response. Building on these findings, we engineered a CIITA vector with a specific site mutation to confirm that the regulation of CIITA by the combined radiotherapy and immunotherapy is mediated through m6A methylation. Consequently, we established a comprehensive network involving ALKBH5, CIITA, MHC II, and CD4+ and CD8 + T cells. To elucidate the role and underlying molecular mechanisms of this combined therapy in reshaping the tumor immune microenvironment for hepatocellular carcinoma, we employed multi-omics approaches across in vitro, animal model, and clinical multi-dimensional studies, offering novel insights for enhancing treatment efficacy.

PMID:41807814 | DOI:10.1038/s41435-026-00382-6

Received — 11 March 2026 ⏭

Long-Short Term Agents for Pure-Vision Bronchoscopy Robotic Autonomy

✇cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
By: Junyang Wu · Mingyi Luo · Fangfang Xie · Minghui Zhang · Hanxiao Zhang · Chunxi Zhang · Junhao Wang · Jiayuan Sun · Yun Gu · Guang-Zhong Yang
10 March 2026 at 12:00
arXiv:2603.07909v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate intraoperative navigation is essential for robot-assisted endoluminal intervention, but remains difficult because of limited endoscopic field of view and dynamic artifacts. Existing navigation platforms often rely on external localization technologies, such as electromagnetic tracking or shape sensing, which increase hardware complexity and remain vulnerable to intraoperative anatomical mismatch. We present a vision-only autonomy framework that performs long-horizon bronchoscopic navigation using preoperative CT-derived virtual targets and live endoscopic video, without external tracking during navigation. The framework uses hierarchical long-short agents: a short-term reactive agent for continuous low-latency motion control, and a long-term strategic agent for decision support at anatomically ambiguous points. When their recommendations conflict, a world-model critic predicts future visual states for candidate actions and selects the action whose predicted state best matches the target view. We evaluated the system in a high-fidelity airway phantom, three ex vivo porcine lungs, and a live porcine model. The system reached all planned segmental targets in the phantom, maintained 80\% success to the eighth generation ex vivo, and achieved in vivo navigation performance comparable to the expert bronchoscopist. These results support the preclinical feasibility of sensor-free autonomous bronchoscopic navigation.

EndoSERV: A Vision-based Endoluminal Robot Navigation System

✇cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
By: Junyang Wu · Fangfang Xie · Minghui Zhang · Hanxiao Zhang · Jiayuan Sun · Yun Gu · Guang-Zhong Yang
10 March 2026 at 12:00
arXiv:2603.08324v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Robot-assisted endoluminal procedures are increasingly used for early cancer intervention. However, the intricate, narrow and tortuous pathways within the luminal anatomy pose substantial difficulties for robot navigation. Vision-based navigation offers a promising solution, but existing localization approaches are error-prone due to tissue deformation, in vivo artifacts and a lack of distinctive landmarks for consistent localization. This paper presents a novel EndoSERV localization method to address these challenges. It includes two main parts, \textit{i.e.}, \textbf{SE}gment-to-structure and \textbf{R}eal-to-\textbf{V}irtual mapping, and hence the name. For long-range and complex luminal structures, we divide them into smaller sub-segments and estimate the odometry independently. To cater for label insufficiency, an efficient transfer technique maps real image features to the virtual domain to use virtual pose ground truth. The training phases of EndoSERV include an offline pretraining to extract texture-agnostic features, and an online phase that adapts to real-world conditions. Extensive experiments based on both public and clinical datasets have been performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method even without any real pose labels.
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