Normal view
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Molecular Therapy
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Viral gene replication enhances AAV vector quality and reduces manufacturing costs
Liu and colleagues developed a robust in cellulo plasmid DNA replication system in human cells for replicating plasmid-borne adeno-associated virus (AAV) Rep/Cap genes during recombinant AAV (rAAV) production. This new approach not only enables a 10- to 20-fold plasmid reduction to significantly lower manufacturing costs but also substantially enhances rAAV potency, titer, and purity.
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Molecular Therapy
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The DreAM-plus integrative RNA switch enhances transient AAV expression and reduces side effects of gene editing
This study developed a multi-layer inducible RNA switch that achieves transient expression of gene-delivery vectors in hepatic and non-hepatic tissues. As an exemplary application, this RNA switch triggers pulsive expression of gene editors that reduces the off-target effects and immunotoxicity of gene editing.
The DreAM-plus integrative RNA switch enhances transient AAV expression and reduces side effects of gene editing
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Molecular Therapy
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Lineage-specific pulmonary transcriptome landscape of coronavirus infection unveils universal immunotherapy for viral pneumonia
In the infection courses of different SARS-CoV-2 variants, disease outcomes and signatures were delineated by physiological changes, viral load, pathology, and pulmonary transcriptome analysis. This multi-dimensional landscape of disease outcomes and underlying mechanisms might provide important clues for immunotherapy of SARS-CoV-2 infection and pneumonia caused by other respiratory viruses.
Lineage-specific pulmonary transcriptome landscape of coronavirus infection unveils universal immunotherapy for viral pneumonia
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Time-Frequency Geometric Cross-Attention for Chunked Vision-Language-Action Models
arXiv:2609.09925v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern vision-language-action (VLA) policies predict a whole chunk of actions: one to two seconds of coordinated motion emitted in a single forward pass. Yet an action chunk is essentially a short multivariate trajectory, but inside these models it is a sequence of generic per-timestep hidden tokens decoded by a linear head. This under-serves two motion structures. First, frequency: a chunk superimposes a smooth global trend and fine corrective mo
Time-Frequency Geometric Cross-Attention for Chunked Vision-Language-Action Models
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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AgentHijack: Visual Patch Attacks on Multimodal Computer-Use Agents
arXiv:2609.09212v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents an end-to-end evaluation framework for image-triggered command injection against computer-use agents (CUAs). The goal is to test whether a local visual patch can induce verifiable environmental consequences along the full chain of screenshot input, VLM generation, action parsing, and environment execution. We train and deploy patches on author-controlled GitHub Pages pages and a locally deployed CSDN clone, and evaluate them
AgentHijack: Visual Patch Attacks on Multimodal Computer-Use Agents
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Geometry Conditioning in an Embodied SLM: Training Controls and Robustness Diagnostics in a 0.8B Hybrid Model
arXiv:2609.09213v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study how physical-state inputs affect a 0.8B hybrid language model adapted for manipulation with 6.2M trainable parameters. Six conditions are trained on three LIBERO-Spatial tasks and evaluated over three seeds and 540 held-out rollouts. Conditioning recurrent decay gates on geometric increments yields 28.9% success, compared with 36.7% when those increments are shuffled during training and 24.4% without explicit object/goal geometry. Both
Geometry Conditioning in an Embodied SLM: Training Controls and Robustness Diagnostics in a 0.8B Hybrid Model
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Harbor Adapters and Harbor-Index: Infrastructure and a Curated Meta-Dataset for Large-Scale Agentic Evaluation
arXiv:2609.04298v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Evaluating agents on the growing number of agentic benchmarks is challenging because they often require complex environments and agent integrations. We introduce Harbor Adapters, a unified evaluation infrastructure for agentic benchmarks. Our work makes three contributions. First, we develop benchmark adapters that port more than 80 benchmarks to evaluate arbitrary agents, and validate them through rigorous code review and parity experiments.
Harbor Adapters and Harbor-Index: Infrastructure and a Curated Meta-Dataset for Large-Scale Agentic Evaluation
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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FiberTune: Preserving Action-Fiber Visual Residuals in Vision-Language-Action Fine-Tuning
arXiv:2606.08653v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Action-supervised fine-tuning of vision-language-action (VLA) policies fits demonstrations effectively but constrains only the directions that change predicted actions, leaving visual structure consistent across action-equivalent states free to collapse. We formalize this as residual visual collapse along local action fibers and propose FiberTune, a training-time objective that preserves teacher-structured visual residuals without adding
FiberTune: Preserving Action-Fiber Visual Residuals in Vision-Language-Action Fine-Tuning
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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LightNav-0: Eliciting VLM Spatial Intelligence for Generalist Embodied Navigation
arXiv:2608.30935v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Embodied navigation requires agents to translate heterogeneous goals and visual observations into actions across tasks, environments, and robot embodiments. Modern vision-language models (VLMs) already encode spatial priors for visual grounding, spatial reasoning, and pointing, but these capabilities are rarely elicited directly for robot control. Existing navigation systems instead rely on task- or embodiment-specific components, fragme
LightNav-0: Eliciting VLM Spatial Intelligence for Generalist Embodied Navigation
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(Multiomics OR Omics) AND (Pancreatic)
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The redox architecture of gestational diabetes mellitus: from cellular stress engine to epigenetic and mitochondrial rewiring
Free Radic Biol Med. 2026 Sep 9;256:441-460. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2026.09.006. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication with a rising global prevalence, posing serious short-term and long-term health threats to both mothers and offspring. This review repositions GDM as a systemic disorder in which oxidative stress acts as a proposed mechanistic hub, linking upstream risk factors to downstream pathophysiology. We first examine ho
The redox architecture of gestational diabetes mellitus: from cellular stress engine to epigenetic and mitochondrial rewiring
Free Radic Biol Med. 2026 Sep 9;256:441-460. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2026.09.006. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication with a rising global prevalence, posing serious short-term and long-term health threats to both mothers and offspring. This review repositions GDM as a systemic disorder in which oxidative stress acts as a proposed mechanistic hub, linking upstream risk factors to downstream pathophysiology. We first examine how "upstream" factors-including genetic susceptibility, pre-conception status, and environmental exposures-converge to promote a state of pathological redox imbalance. We then examine key mechanistic pathways through which oxidative stress is thought to contribute to systemic insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure, highlighting novel pathways involving intercellular communication via tunneling nanotubes and exosomes. Furthermore, we explore the downstream cascade, where oxidative stress may program maternal accelerated biological aging and multi-organ offspring disease trajectories through nuclear epigenetic programming and mitochondrial dysfunction programming, leaving what has been termed a persistent "metabolic memory". Consequently, this review evaluates emerging strategies that target oxidative stress for early prediction and precision intervention. Early prediction models based on direct redox biomarkers and multi-omics signatures hold potential to shift diagnosis from late-gestation oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to first-trimester risk stratification. Current supporting evidence draws from human epidemiological associations, ex vivo placental analyses, and experimental models. However, direct causal and interventional validation in pregnant women remains limited. Integrating targeted redox risk stratification and precision interventions into a life-course clinical framework may help interrupt the intergenerational transmission of metabolic disease initiated by GDM.
PMID:42716407 | DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2026.09.006
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Nature - Issue - nature.com science feeds
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Denisovans from southwestern China and their subsistence strategies
Nature, Published online: 09 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10997-4Evidence from Bianfu Cave shows specialized hunting, expedient stone-tool production and extensive bone use of Denisovans, providing new insights into their ecology, behaviour and cultural legacy in eastern Asia.
Denisovans from southwestern China and their subsistence strategies
Nature, Published online: 09 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10997-4
Evidence from Bianfu Cave shows specialized hunting, expedient stone-tool production and extensive bone use of Denisovans, providing new insights into their ecology, behaviour and cultural legacy in eastern Asia.-
(Multiomics OR Omics) AND (Pancreatic)
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Perioperative Modulation of the Gut-Liver Axis in Liver Surgery: Clinical Evidence and Future Directions
J Vis Exp. 2026 Sep 1;(235). doi: 10.3791/73747.ABSTRACTLiver resection and liver transplantation remain cornerstone treatments for many hepatobiliary diseases, yet postoperative infection, impaired liver regeneration, and post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remain serious complications. Perioperative stressors can disrupt the gut-liver axis by altering the intestinal microbiota, epithelial barrier integrity, microbial metabolites, bile acid signaling, and host immunity. This review examines h
Perioperative Modulation of the Gut-Liver Axis in Liver Surgery: Clinical Evidence and Future Directions
J Vis Exp. 2026 Sep 1;(235). doi: 10.3791/73747.
ABSTRACT
Liver resection and liver transplantation remain cornerstone treatments for many hepatobiliary diseases, yet postoperative infection, impaired liver regeneration, and post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remain serious complications. Perioperative stressors can disrupt the gut-liver axis by altering the intestinal microbiota, epithelial barrier integrity, microbial metabolites, bile acid signaling, and host immunity. This review examines how these alterations relate to clinical outcomes and evaluates evidence for microbiota-targeted interventions, including probiotics, synbiotics, nutritional optimization, antibiotic stewardship, bile acid modulation, and emerging multiomics strategies. We distinguish liver resection from living-donor and deceased-donor liver transplantation because the patient populations, graft or remnant anatomy, ischemia-reperfusion exposures, immune status, and outcome definitions differ. Clinical evidence most consistently supports selected pro-/synbiotic strategies for reducing postoperative infection in higher-risk settings, whereas microbiome-based prediction of PHLF, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), bile acid-directed therapy, and precision multiomics-guided pathways remain investigational. Future work should use transparent literature identification, standardized perioperative protocols, risk-defined populations, external validation, and prospective multicenter trials. A better understanding of gut-liver interactions may help preserve beneficial host-microbial signals while limiting translocation and inflammation during recovery.
PMID:42683887 | DOI:10.3791/73747
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Advancing Graph Few-Shot Learning via In-Context Learning
arXiv:2605.24410v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph few-shot learning, which aims to classify nodes from novel classes with only a few labeled examples, is a widely studied problem in graph learning. However, existing methods often face two key limitations. First, the predominant graph few-shot learning paradigm relies on supervised tasks, failing to leverage the vast number of unlabeled nodes in the graph. Second, many approaches require complex task adaptation or fine-tuning during inferenc
Advancing Graph Few-Shot Learning via In-Context Learning
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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Inverting the Shield: Systematically Generating Safety Tests from Policy Specifications
arXiv:2605.24883v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The widespread integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates rigorous and systematic safety evaluation. Existing paradigms either rely on constructed benchmarks to assess safety from predefined perspectives, or employ dynamic red-teaming to probe potential vulnerabilities. While effective, these approaches face challenges, as they depend heavily on expert domain knowledge, offer limited systematic guarantees, and are vulnerable to rapid
Inverting the Shield: Systematically Generating Safety Tests from Policy Specifications
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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ADMFormer: An Adaptive-Decomposition Transformer with Time-Varying Masked Spatial Attention for Traffic Forecasting
arXiv:2605.25543v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate traffic forecasting is essential for intelligent transportation systems, supporting a wide range of real-world applications. However, it remains challenging due to two key factors:~(1) Traffic series contain heterogeneous temporal patterns, where stable periodic regularities coexist with event-driven fluctuations. Existing methods often treat them within a unified representation, limiting their ability to capture fine-grained temporal dyn
ADMFormer: An Adaptive-Decomposition Transformer with Time-Varying Masked Spatial Attention for Traffic Forecasting
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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PHGNet: Prototype-Guided Hypergraph Construction for Heterogeneous Spatiotemporal Forecasting
arXiv:2605.25554v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As a core task in intelligent transportation systems, traffic forecasting plays a critical role in urban traffic management. Accurate traffic forecasting relies on modeling complex spatiotemporal dependencies, which is inherently challenging due to spatial heterogeneity in traffic systems.Despite significant progress, most existing methods are still limited to pairwise spatial dependency modeling, making it difficult to capture dynamic high-order
PHGNet: Prototype-Guided Hypergraph Construction for Heterogeneous Spatiotemporal Forecasting
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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IVR-R1: Refining Trajectories through Iterative Visual-Grounded Reasoning in Reinforcement Learning
arXiv:2605.23997v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models via reinforcement learning (RL) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex visual reasoning tasks, yet they remain limited in long-horizon multimodal scenarios, often suffering from visual hallucination and logical error. Current methods typically pre-encode high-dimensional visual scenes into discrete textual proxies to facilitate downstream reasoning. As the reasoning chain unfolds, however, the inher
IVR-R1: Refining Trajectories through Iterative Visual-Grounded Reasoning in Reinforcement Learning
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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ScaleAcross Explorer: Exploring Communication Optimization for Scale-Across AI Model Training
arXiv:2605.24326v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rapid scaling of large language model training requires distributing GPU resources across multiple data center buildings and regions. We refer to such paradigm as "scale-across" training. As infrastructure expands, the system design space becomes increasingly intricate, encompassing new model architectures, hardware heterogeneity, and evolving communication patterns. Drawing from Meta's production experience, we highlight the complexities of
ScaleAcross Explorer: Exploring Communication Optimization for Scale-Across AI Model Training
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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MindAlign: Bridging EEG, Vision, and Language for Zero-Shot Visual Decoding
arXiv:2605.24523v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Visual decoding from brain signals is a key challenge at the intersection of computer vision and neuroscience, requiring methods that bridge neural representations and computational models of vision. We introduce a tri-modal contrastive framework for EEG-based visual decoding that aligns EEG, visual, and textual representations within a unified latent space. Our approach follows a two-stage design. First, we pre-train an EEG encoder via masked r
MindAlign: Bridging EEG, Vision, and Language for Zero-Shot Visual Decoding
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cs.AI, q-bio.NC updates on arXiv.org
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What Are We Actually Decoding? Source Attribution for Non-Invasive Brain-to-Language Retrieval
arXiv:2605.24524v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In non-invasive neural language decoding, results can be inflated by sources that are not stimulus-evoked neural evidence: decoder priors, embedding-based metrics, and non-neural structural nuisances such as signal duration. The methodological challenge is therefore attribution: a reported gain is more informative when it can be traced to a specific source. We recast stimulus-locked MEG-to-audio retrieval as an auditing framework that separates