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Distilling Game Code World Model Generation into Lightweight Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.24375v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great ability in generating executable code from natural language, opening the possibility of automatically constructing environments for AI agents. Recent work on Code World Models (CWMs) demonstrates that LLMs can translate game rules into Python implementations compatible with solvers like Monte Carlo Tree Search. We study this problem in game settings, where generated environments must implement rules, legal actions, state transitions, observations, and rewards. We refer to these game-specific executable models as Game Code World Models (GameCWMs). However, current approaches to generating code world models rely on frontier models and inference-time refinement loops, limiting accessibility and scalability. This work investigates whether GameCWM generation capabilities can be distilled into smaller models through post-training. We introduce: (1) a curated dataset of 30 games spanning perfect and imperfect information games, (2) a verification framework that evaluates generated code against structural and semantic game properties, and (3) a post-training pipeline combining Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR). We experiment with Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct and find that SFT can increase syntactic correctness, while RLVR can improve execution-level adherence to game rules, thereby improving Qwen's ability to generate valid GameCWMs in both perfect and imperfect information games. Overall, our pipeline makes Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct more capable of generating valid GameCWMs, thereby offering a scalable path toward automatic environment generation from natural language.

GPNMB Drives Brain Metastasis by Sculpting a Pathological Endothelial-Immune Interactome

Cancer Discov. 2026 Apr 15. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-25-1663. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Brain metastases (BM) remain a devastating disease with dismal prognosis. How circulating tumor cells (CTCs) penetrate the blood brain barrier (BBB) and reprogram the brain microenvironment remain unclear. Using spatially resolved multi-omic profiling of CTCs and brain metastases, integrated with experimental and clinical analyses, we identified Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic Melanoma Protein B (GPNMB) as a CTC-secreted driver of vascular disruption and brain colonization. CBX3 upregulation induced GPNMB expression, which bound endothelial EGFR, triggering CBL-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. Attenuated EGFR signaling suppressed FTO and disrupted endothelial junctions via YTHDF2-dependent TJP1 m6A methylation. Remarkably, GPNMB-induced BBB remodeling promoted immune infiltration via CXCL12-CXCR4 axis, and induced time course-dependent T cell exhaustion within the brain microenvironment. Clinically, elevated CBX3⁺GPNMB⁺ CTCs and plasma CXCL12 were significantly associated with BM progression in lung cancer and melanoma. Therapeutically, dual blockade of GPNMB and PD1 enhanced anti-BM efficacy in mice, unveiling GPNMB as a promising target for precision immunotherapy.

PMID:41973996 | DOI:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-25-1663

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