Nature Biotechnology, Published online: 09 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41587-026-03003-9

Insights into regulatory T cell biology are accelerating therapeutic innovation in cancer immunotherapy, autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection.

Precision proteogenomics analysis of 1,064 cancer patients across ten cancer types unveils the ways in which rare and common germline variants shape the cancer proteome; the findings highlight the contribution of germline genetics in tumor heterogeneity and oncogenesis.

Immunotherapy holds strong promise for cancer treatment but at present benefits only a small proportion of cases. A pan-cancer analysis of the immune landscape in more than 1,000 tumors across ten cancer types reveals immune surveillance and immune evasion mechanisms as well as potential molecular target that could augment future immunotherapy and precision medicine strategies.