arXiv:2604.03926v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present CODE-GEN, a human-in-the-Loop, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)-based agentic AI system for generating context-aligned multiple-choice questions to develop student code reasoning and comprehension abilities. CODE-GEN employs an agentic AI architecture in which a Generator agent produces multiple-choice coding comprehension questions aligned with course-specific learning objectives, while a Validator agent independently assesses content quality across seven pedagogical dimensions. Both agents are augmented with specialized tools that enhance computational accuracy and verify code outputs. To evaluate the effectiveness of CODE-GEN, we conducted an evaluation study involving six human subject-matter experts (SMEs) who judged 288 AI-generated questions. The SMEs produced a total of 2,016 human-AI rating pairs, indicating agreement or disagreement with the assessments of Validator, along with 131 instances of qualitative feedback. Analyses of SME judgments show strong system performance, with human-validated success rates ranging from 79.9% to 98.6% across the seven pedagogical dimensions. The analysis of qualitative feedback reveals that CODE-GEN achieves high reliability on dimensions well suited to computational verification and explicit criteria matching, including question clarity, code validity, concept alignment, and correct answer validity. In contrast, human expertise remains essential for dimensions requiring deeper instructional judgment, such as designing pedagogically meaningful distractors and providing high-quality feedback that reinforces understanding. These findings inform the strategic allocation of human and AI effort in AI-assisted educational content generation.

arXiv:2603.29139v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled agentic systems that translate natural language intent into executable scientific visualization (SciVis) tasks. Despite rapid progress, the community lacks a principled and reproducible benchmark for evaluating these emerging SciVis agents in realistic, multi-step analysis settings. We present SciVisAgentBench, a comprehensive and extensible benchmark for evaluating scientific data analysis and visualization agents. Our benchmark is grounded in a structured taxonomy spanning four dimensions: application domain, data type, complexity level, and visualization operation. It currently comprises 108 expert-crafted cases covering diverse SciVis scenarios. To enable reliable assessment, we introduce a multimodal outcome-centric evaluation pipeline that combines LLM-based judging with deterministic evaluators, including image-based metrics, code checkers, rule-based verifiers, and case-specific evaluators. We also conduct a validity study with 12 SciVis experts to examine the agreement between human and LLM judges. Using this framework, we evaluate representative SciVis agents and general-purpose coding agents to establish initial baselines and reveal capability gaps. SciVisAgentBench is designed as a living benchmark to support systematic comparison, diagnose failure modes, and drive progress in agentic SciVis. The benchmark is available at https://scivisagentbench.github.io/.