arXiv:2604.01579v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal tabular-image fusion is an emerging task that has received increasing attention in various domains. However, existing methods may be hindered by gradient conflicts between modalities, misleading the optimization of the unimodal learner. In this paper, we propose a novel Gradient-Aligned Alternating Learning (GAAL) paradigm to address this issue by aligning modality gradients. Specifically, GAAL adopts an alternating unimodal learning and shared classifier to decouple the multimodal gradient and facilitate interaction. Furthermore, we design uncertainty-based cross-modal gradient surgery to selectively align cross-modal gradients, thereby steering the shared parameters to benefit all modalities. As a result, GAAL can provide effective unimodal assistance and help boost the overall fusion performance. Empirical experiments on widely used datasets reveal the superiority of our method through comparison with various state-of-the-art (SoTA) tabular-image fusion baselines and test-time tabular missing baselines. The source code is available at https://github.com/njustkmg/ICME26-GAAL.

arXiv:2603.12628v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speech production and perception are the main ways humans communicate daily. Prior brain-to-text decoding studies have largely focused on a single modality and alphabetic languages. Here, we present a unified brain-to-sentence decoding framework for both speech production and perception in Mandarin Chinese. The framework exhibits strong generalization ability, enabling sentence-level decoding when trained only on single-character data and supporting characters and syllables unseen during training. In addition, it allows direct and controlled comparison of neural dynamics across modalities. Mandarin speech is decoded by first classifying syllable components in Hanyu Pinyin, namely initials and finals, from neural signals, followed by a post-trained large language model (LLM) that maps sequences of toneless Pinyin syllables to Chinese sentences. To enhance LLM decoding, we designed a three-stage post-training and two-stage inference framework based on a 7-billion-parameter LLM, achieving overall performance that exceeds larger commercial LLMs with hundreds of billions of parameters or more. In addition, several characteristics were observed in Mandarin speech production and perception: speech production involved neural responses across broader cortical regions than auditory perception; channels responsive to both modalities exhibited similar activity patterns, with speech perception showing a temporal delay relative to production; and decoding performance was broadly comparable across hemispheres. Our work not only establishes the feasibility of a unified decoding framework but also provides insights into the neural characteristics of Mandarin speech production and perception. These advances contribute to brain-to-text decoding in logosyllabic languages and pave the way toward neural language decoding systems supporting multiple modalities.

arXiv:2603.12933v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM)-driven Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have demonstrated strong capability in complex reasoning and tool use, and heterogeneous agent pools further broaden the quality--cost trade-off space. Despite these advances, real-world deployment is often constrained by high inference cost, latency, and limited transparency, which hinders scalable and efficient routing. Existing routing strategies typically rely on expensive LLM-based selectors or static policies, and offer limited controllability for semantic-aware routing under dynamic loads and mixed intents, often resulting in unstable performance and inefficient resource utilization. To address these limitations, we propose AMRO-S, an efficient and interpretable routing framework for Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). AMRO-S models MAS routing as a semantic-conditioned path selection problem, enhancing routing performance through three key mechanisms: First, it leverages a supervised fine-tuned (SFT) small language model for intent inference, providing a low-overhead semantic interface for each query; second, it decomposes routing memory into task-specific pheromone specialists, reducing cross-task interference and optimizing path selection under mixed workloads; finally, it employs a quality-gated asynchronous update mechanism to decouple inference from learning, optimizing routing without increasing latency. Extensive experiments on five public benchmarks and high-concurrency stress tests demonstrate that AMRO-S consistently improves the quality--cost trade-off over strong routing baselines, while providing traceable routing evidence through structured pheromone patterns.

arXiv:2505.07920v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Peer review is a critical component of scientific progress in the fields like AI, but the rapid increase in submission volume has strained the reviewing system, which inevitably leads to reviewer shortages and declines review quality. Besides the growing research popularity, another key factor in this overload is the repeated resubmission of substandard manuscripts, largely due to the lack of effective tools for authors to self-evaluate their work before submission. Large Language Models (LLMs) show great promise in assisting both authors and reviewers, and their performance is fundamentally limited by the quality of the peer review data. However, existing peer review datasets face three major limitations: (1) limited data diversity, (2) inconsistent and low-quality data due to the use of revised rather than initial submissions, and (3) insufficient support for tasks involving rebuttal and reviewer-author interactions. To address these challenges, we introduce the largest consistency-ensured peer review and rebuttal dataset named Re^2, which comprises 19,926 initial submissions, 70,668 review comments, and 53,818 rebuttals from 24 conferences and 21 workshops on OpenReview. Moreover, the rebuttal and discussion stage is framed as a multi-turn conversation paradigm to support both traditional static review tasks and dynamic interactive LLM assistants, providing more practical guidance for authors to refine their manuscripts and helping alleviate the growing review burden. Our data and code are available in https://anonymous.4open.science/r/ReviewBench_anon/.

Nature, Published online: 11 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10244-w

A clinical trial testing whether monitoring ctDNA clearance during treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer could be used to inform decisions about an individual’s subsequent therapeutic programme shows promising results.

Traditional epidemic intelligence relies heavily on human epidemiologists for data interpretation and reporting, which makes it resource intensive, slow to respond, and vulnerable to variability in professional expertise. To overcome these limitations, we propose an expanded conceptual epidemic intelligence quadripartite framework that extends the classical trinity of (1) surveillance, (2) risk evaluation, and (3) early warning with a fourth pillar, (4) decision support and intervention optimization through AI agents. Acting as 24/7 digital epidemiologists, multiagent systems can integrate heterogeneous signals from multisource surveillance systems, conduct contextual risk evaluation and adaptive forecasting, generate tailored early warnings, and provide actionable recommendations for targeted control—closing the loop between detection and response. Embedding interpretability and mandatory human-in-the-loop oversight enhances trust and accountability. Nonetheless, real-world deployment requires addressing context-specific challenges of data quality, interoperability, robustness, governance, circular reporting, and equity. If designed with transparency, inclusiveness, and resilience, AI agents have the potential to transform epidemic intelligence into a continuously adaptive and globally connected system.

Oncogene, Published online: 06 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41388-026-03707-x

PMM2 interacts with TRIM28 to recruit E2F4 and promote KIFC3-mediated tumor glycolysis and colorectal cancer progression

arXiv:2603.02281v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent studies show that quantum neural networks (QNNs) generalize well in few-shot regimes. To extend this advantage to large-scale tasks, we propose Q-LoRA, a quantum-enhanced fine-tuning scheme that integrates lightweight QNNs into the low-rank adaptation (LoRA) adapter. Applied to AI-generated content (AIGC) detection, Q-LoRA consistently outperforms standard LoRA under few-shot settings. We analyze the source of this improvement and identify two possible structural inductive biases from QNNs: (i) phase-aware representations, which encode richer information across orthogonal amplitude-phase components, and (ii) norm-constrained transformations, which stabilize optimization via inherent orthogonality. However, Q-LoRA incurs non-trivial overhead due to quantum simulation. Motivated by our analysis, we further introduce H-LoRA, a fully classical variant that applies the Hilbert transform within the LoRA adapter to retain similar phase structure and constraints. Experiments on few-shot AIGC detection show that both Q-LoRA and H-LoRA outperform standard LoRA by over 5% accuracy, with H-LoRA achieving comparable accuracy at significantly lower cost in this task.